現今科技發達,藥物大多數也能夠在實驗室或藥廠裡利用化學物合成出來。555Please respect copyright.PENANAdu0RAmxDXN
555Please respect copyright.PENANAulAemrYRtv
但若果藥物主要成份的結構實在是太過複雜的話,有時候利用人工合成的方法製造只會吃力不討好,不符合經濟效益。555Please respect copyright.PENANAkNaGFZhf7d555Please respect copyright.PENANAuI3Ztz20L8
555Please respect copyright.PENANA0oxGUO76Hl
就以治療神經肌肉問題等疾病為例的Tropane alkaloids(TAs),主要情況下均是會從特定品種的植物裡頭提取出來;555Please respect copyright.PENANAY9b6CQ6Npo
555Please respect copyright.PENANAzKLVQgH273
隸屬TAs類別的hyoscyamine及scopolamine可以與acetylcholine receptor結合,更有著解除俄國神經毒素Novichok的能力。555Please respect copyright.PENANAZ4FFMFlG9e
555Please respect copyright.PENANAppbqyJ4QxI
俄國神經毒素Novichok延伸閱讀:https://www.penana.com/article/477009555Please respect copyright.PENANAGwKMfgfxgJ
555Please respect copyright.PENANAU0eaiaS3x0
(圖2)科學家一直致力研究增強培植產生TAs植物的方法,但人口增長快速,相關藥物供不應求的問題開始湧現。555Please respect copyright.PENANAR6IGyiJwlQ555Please respect copyright.PENANAPxhu5amUz6
555Please respect copyright.PENANATDeYIX8RGK
再加上植物佔據大量空間及資源,而且生長需時,還有害蟲侵蝕植物導致產量下降各種問題需要關注,長遠來說顯然需要另一種手段製作藥物。555Please respect copyright.PENANAh9V9a9oLDW
555Please respect copyright.PENANAYcrDo2HPmx
(圖3)近日,有科學家發表文章(Ref1),利用生長快、易打理的酵母(yeast)來解決這問題。555Please respect copyright.PENANAO3pTAw9S3q
555Please respect copyright.PENANAZkcWqUu1Gh
他們利用CRISPR基因編輯技術,將26種來自細菌及植物的基因(其中一種更是燕麥的基因)加進酵母裡頭,強迫酵母利用葡萄糖及氨基酸轉化成為有用的TAs。555Please respect copyright.PENANAouKeoMDm0f555Please respect copyright.PENANAYNPNrXSkOy
555Please respect copyright.PENANAIZqv7KBgUd
CRISPR基因編輯技術延伸閱讀:https://www.penana.com/article/465369555Please respect copyright.PENANA20OINZ1yg1
555Please respect copyright.PENANAS8ukRE3QLG
過程中他們更分門別類將相應的酵素安放在酵母各個位置,以及刪走一些礙事的基因,務求令到酵母一心一意為製作藥物為主。555Please respect copyright.PENANAf3jTuhd1dv
555Please respect copyright.PENANALAtoAa2c3Q
暫時他們做到的產量為每一公升酵母能夠生產出30-80 μg TAs,有望在1-2年後提升至每升5g,踏進真實市場裡頭運作。555Please respect copyright.PENANAZC98rofo5T
555Please respect copyright.PENANAVmB8SFfkVI
(1g=1000mg,1mg=1000 μg)555Please respect copyright.PENANAsGBXkskbgf
555Please respect copyright.PENANAwOaYijNd6g
555Please respect copyright.PENANAEDzRtyd3js
如果想我快啲出文的話,請入去Penana網站科普專欄–薯不揀單俾一個like以及Bookmark,這對我非常之重要。555Please respect copyright.PENANAcw7xkdfxqx
555Please respect copyright.PENANAzKEvzfINuB
Link: https://www.penana.com/story/66244/%E7%A7%91%E6%99%AE%E5%B0%88%E6%AC%84-%E8%96%AF%E4%B8%8D%E6%8F%80%E5%96%AE/toc555Please respect copyright.PENANAmFDC1dzLxO
555Please respect copyright.PENANA3f5JNWIzJ5
同時亦可以在Penana網站裡按「買一嚿/半嚿薯仔」,以課金的方式推動我繼續搜羅資料寫文,多謝。555Please respect copyright.PENANAymqfXFaBFW
555Please respect copyright.PENANAAesDx8kUzP
Link:555Please respect copyright.PENANAXxB8mqKm7k
https://www.penana.com/user/27349/%E8%96%AF%E4%BB%94%E8%81%9E%E8%8C%B1%E8%8E%89/portfolio555Please respect copyright.PENANA6uQDkJP6rV
555Please respect copyright.PENANAWHDko0gQ6i
555Please respect copyright.PENANAetovONSiGc
有興趣接收科學資訊的話,歡迎follow IG: potatopigtongue。555Please respect copyright.PENANAv51d8rTil3
555Please respect copyright.PENANAy8UBbQ7Xve
Ref1:https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-2650-9555Please respect copyright.PENANABaJbQ350hy