癌細胞逃避免疫細胞追殺的手段何其之多,除了較早前提及的PD1/PD1L手段之外,他們亦會用上民建聯蛇齋餅糉的手段應對免疫細胞。426Please respect copyright.PENANAZ2xlX21dAo426Please respect copyright.PENANAq30DdAZvWc
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PD1/PD1L手段:https://lih.kg/gzGnLS426Please respect copyright.PENANAHRrDudmlID
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(圖2)癌細胞(尤其是腦癌)會表達大量的TDO蛋白酶,TDO蛋白酶會將從外來吸取的氨基酸Tryptophan代謝成為Kynureine;426Please respect copyright.PENANAzDWJmK65eF
整個代謝過程是在癌細胞的內部發生。426Please respect copyright.PENANAO157RU2Ffh426Please respect copyright.PENANACIIE4ki9dQ
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(圖3)癌細胞可以自用Kynurenine來觸發AhR蛋白質,輔助自己的生長。426Please respect copyright.PENANA16QwceTCd5
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同時間,癌細胞亦可將Kynurenine排出四周,而當周遭的免疫細胞吸取Kynurenine後,他們殲滅癌細胞的能力便會下降。426Please respect copyright.PENANA9YVjigTOa9
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亦即是說,當免疫細胞獲取癌細胞所提供的蛇齋餅糉(Kynurenine)後,隨之便會被成功收買,不再侵襲癌細胞。426Please respect copyright.PENANAUXhs3SQQfg
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(圖4)除Kynurenine外,二噁英亦能觸發AhR蛋白質,為癌細胞締造一道美好的生存環境。426Please respect copyright.PENANA8tVdarEH5g
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現今有不少癌症藥物正試圖阻隔AhR蛋白質的觸發來消滅癌症,但亦有證據指出過度阻隔AhR蛋白質有機會反而助長癌細胞的生長,以及引發不良的過敏炎症。426Please respect copyright.PENANAkLiKJve3Uu
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除研發阻隔AhR蛋白質藥物外,亦有一道方向是研發藥物減低周遭的Kynurenine濃度,減低癌細胞弱化周遭免疫細胞的能力。426Please respect copyright.PENANAL53P8nzBRT
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若然成功,或許能配合現有的免疫治療PD1方法加強效果,消滅癌症。426Please respect copyright.PENANAMV6JdXuZu0
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如果想我快啲出文的話,請入去Penana網站科普專欄–薯不揀單俾一個like以及Bookmark,這對我非常之重要。426Please respect copyright.PENANA2H1JaFS9f8
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Link: https://www.penana.com/story/66244/%E7%A7%91%E6%99%AE%E5%B0%88%E6%AC%84-%E8%96%AF%E4%B8%8D%E6%8F%80%E5%96%AE/toc426Please respect copyright.PENANA6YlMqcuW3H
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同時亦可以在Penana網站裡按「買一嚿/半嚿薯仔」,以課金的方式推動我繼續搜羅資料寫文,多謝。426Please respect copyright.PENANAkjMsuzRldU
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Link:426Please respect copyright.PENANAnQ7ovAV4GZ
https://www.penana.com/user/27349/%E8%96%AF%E4%BB%94%E8%81%9E%E8%8C%B1%E8%8E%89/portfolio426Please respect copyright.PENANAQAJN5PrxSY
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基於WhatsApp/Facebook等問題,IG將不會再作更新,只會寄居本土LIHKG及Penana。426Please respect copyright.PENANAx4OQvgghul
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Ref1:https://www.nature.com/articles/nature10491426Please respect copyright.PENANA7U6earUVYG
Ref2:https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165614717302249426Please respect copyright.PENANAgOkN0VwOsW