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德國統一初期佢對海外擴張都係相當抗拒85Please respect copyright.PENANAgGcPGfNgNg
原因之一係繼承自普魯士嘅帝國海軍85Please respect copyright.PENANABWOWhtCAj8
規模實在太細85Please respect copyright.PENANArSQ6kqAajn
根本支撐唔到龐大嘅殖民地發展85Please respect copyright.PENANARtuHvR49mN
就咁其實德國唔係冇能力發展遠洋艦隊85Please respect copyright.PENANAQSXI6PFpsQ
相反德國船廠嘅技術喺當時係首屈一指85Please respect copyright.PENANACYUAsCjZEn
號稱遠東最強戰艦嘅定遠號同鎮遠號85Please respect copyright.PENANAyqENGrDqgg
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個海軍咁鵪鶉嘅原因85Please respect copyright.PENANAKSzU4Lxqvi
純粹係國策使然啫
定遠號同鎮遠號喺德國港口付運時情況
俾斯麥刻意壓抑海軍發展85Please respect copyright.PENANAMP6XQqxSmn
原因係避免同其他列強直接競爭85Please respect copyright.PENANAaQipFTGov9
例如喺1867年尾85Please respect copyright.PENANAbQgcnWFdeA
北德意志邦聯海軍司令繞過俾斯麥85Please respect copyright.PENANA2hOgAy3tr7
直接同中美洲哥斯達黎加協議設立軍港85Please respect copyright.PENANAcroakRfEGU
當俾斯麥知道時即時叫停85Please respect copyright.PENANArHYpIinMFA
原因就係因為佢驚得罪美國85Please respect copyright.PENANAmo1lJ59xq4
(門羅主義下嘅美國對歐洲國家介入美洲事務相當反感)85Please respect copyright.PENANAICrKEb87PO
對一個距離咁遠嘅強國都咁忌憚85Please respect copyright.PENANANDvixqpls1
何況英國、法國呢啲傳統海軍強國85Please respect copyright.PENANAwI5CCWgZBc
以德國個地理位置85Please respect copyright.PENANActSjXesbtX
發展遠洋艦隊85Please respect copyright.PENANAS3UaenEGz8
根本係浪費寶貴嘅國家資源85Please respect copyright.PENANAvmpYnvAR5f
冇強大嘅海軍85Please respect copyright.PENANAreULhpihLt
殖民主義又從何談起呢?
以一個明瞭發展強大海軍弊端嘅歷史偉人85Please respect copyright.PENANA699nHjBiqA
嚟命名一艘帝國最強大嘅戰艦85Please respect copyright.PENANAo5GRF3U1FT
總係有種開緊歷史玩笑嘅味道⋯⋯
不過官方嘅立場並唔影響民間對海外擴張嘅嚮往85Please respect copyright.PENANA9ZYS3g4ZY6
喺1860年代中期開始85Please respect copyright.PENANAsEnDtxruxf
尤其係探索剛果盆地成功後85Please respect copyright.PENANAtdcV2zuUIY
各國包括德國嘅民間都充斥住對探險嘅熱情85Please respect copyright.PENANA4AKQZxZy6x
形形色色嘅企業同地理學會都紛紛組團85Please respect copyright.PENANAREjQuIbiiU
諗住入去分一杯羹85Please respect copyright.PENANAwIakXNd988
傳統殖民強國好似英法兩國85Please respect copyright.PENANAejoXGA2xDD
同埋某個博晒老命搵殖民地嘅豆腐膶低地國85Please respect copyright.PENANAlDuL1nA6Ys
因為有國家機器加持85Please respect copyright.PENANAyZFaMbXFDN
啲探險隊當然就如魚得水啦85Please respect copyright.PENANAnrRWyorDGI
但係德國嗰啲就陰公喇85Please respect copyright.PENANAYHoQy7FGMg
喺1868年俾斯麥寫畀佢老友戰爭部長羅恩伯爵嘅信中85Please respect copyright.PENANAgpSTs7geCO
佢表明唔會用納稅人嘅錢支持呢啲同國策相違背嘅私人企業活動85Please respect copyright.PENANAJXCTgQmzDH
就係咁啲企業就算探到險簽到合作協議都好85Please respect copyright.PENANAMn3vWqR9JN
到最後返到德國都會畀俾斯麥拒之門外白忙一場85Please respect copyright.PENANAoRFUr5MX3A
攞唔到國家資助自然就發展唔到啦85Please respect copyright.PENANAJCQYEkxFdI
不過情況好快就會有改變⋯⋯
1878年柏林會議後85Please respect copyright.PENANA0GPKnkSTZ5
巴爾幹局勢暫時穩定落嚟85Please respect copyright.PENANAPo91Qdj8RC
而德奧意三國同盟85Please respect copyright.PENANAWoqc9I7uJr
以及三帝同盟續期85Please respect copyright.PENANAwg8xDRNLK3
為嗰個時代嘅歐洲確立咗一個和平嘅基礎85Please respect copyright.PENANATaglFCB22g
至少係表面上啦85Please respect copyright.PENANA7CxDlqmDoG
俾斯麥終於保得住德國個後欄85Please respect copyright.PENANAjQc9iT5oTb
可以專心應付嚟自法國嘅敵意喇85Please respect copyright.PENANAgOYqd23IkV
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英法喺會上嘅枱底交易85Please respect copyright.PENANAHlwiKWkbTP
似乎都預視咗嚟緊嘅外交角力焦點85Please respect copyright.PENANA1FDnf0p1cd
將會由歐陸轉移到各殖民地事務上85Please respect copyright.PENANAGsjaM2myMh
同巴爾幹動輒牽扯上幾百年嘅國仇家恨唔同85Please respect copyright.PENANANClos6vrnT
呢啲殖民地爭議85Please respect copyright.PENANAQ4AkneFgZ7
本質上純粹係基於經濟利益嘅啫85Please respect copyright.PENANARy0BQTmHoZ
德國要參與其中85Please respect copyright.PENANAoDTmvHvVNF
從而繼續喺外交上孤立法國同分散佢對歐陸嘅注意力嘅話85Please respect copyright.PENANA5xQB5xe0mC
就唔可以好似今次咁只係做個Honest Broker就夠85Please respect copyright.PENANAPiidJjx0RD
佢一定要有啲籌碼喺手85Please respect copyright.PENANAvBeZLsu9in
先可以埋枱玩85Please respect copyright.PENANAJMrxZ2lRKt
咁代表俾斯麥要做樣佢唔係好想做嘅嘢──海外擴張85Please respect copyright.PENANAagwgaLBUWz
喺1880年尾開始85Please respect copyright.PENANAXVgHG2mJhD
之前食飽閉門羹嘅企業同機構85Please respect copyright.PENANAJz7GB43T7N
陸續獲得俾斯麥接見85Please respect copyright.PENANARiifbM8oSt
並且陸續獲批殖民地嘅特許狀85Please respect copyright.PENANA858UHc0Wdg
1884年4月-德屬西南非洲(納米比亞);7月-西非嘅多哥蘭同喀麥隆;85Please respect copyright.PENANAXaxZ4lzr8A
1885年2月-德屬東非(坦桑尼亞);4月-肯雅85Please respect copyright.PENANALBzk2j9tDa
加埋幾個喺南太平洋嘅群島仔85Please respect copyright.PENANAPHIAydmmPp
於是德國喺一年間85Please respect copyright.PENANA6He3QNWX43
就由冇到有咁建立起僅次於英法兩國、全球第三大嘅殖民帝國喇
德國喺非洲嘅殖民地
俾斯麥為日爾曼尼亞着起名為殖民主義嘅新裝
睇落好似好威威咁85Please respect copyright.PENANA3NlynI7lt4
不過呢啲殖民地其實都係掛個名係德國旗下嘅啫85Please respect copyright.PENANAtwpgoqZAw2
因為俾斯麥根本唔想使太多錢喺呢度85Please respect copyright.PENANAa1xfXuKkor
呢一紙特許狀純粹係畀呢啲殖民地公司專營權85Please respect copyright.PENANAHWLPXg20fc
同喺“必要”時提供軍事援助啫85Please respect copyright.PENANAWlHjq5kmrC
咩探索呀開發呀治安呀嗰啲麻煩就閣下自理喇85Please respect copyright.PENANAMdHUU8Ebe9
呢個由私人公司主導嘅殖民模式係註定失敗嘅85Please respect copyright.PENANAbpSgkpHp2m
皆因冇國家機器直接統籌嘅話85Please respect copyright.PENANAg7p1xPPKeB
民間機構係冇可能處理到殖民地入面嘅諸多事務85Please respect copyright.PENANAOE8ob3nY36
強如英國東印度公司呢間有國家支援嘅百年老店85Please respect copyright.PENANAUgFkF03c3J
最後都要衰喺一場全國暴動上85Please respect copyright.PENANArYMMasDL63
要政府接管執手尾
由牛油同豬油引發嘅1857年印度兵變
咁你會問明知死路一條點解俾斯麥都仲要行嘅85Please respect copyright.PENANApxGaqEMV2V
首先要搞清楚死嘅唔係俾斯麥唔係德國85Please respect copyright.PENANA2xeREM2azT
而係啲私人企業85Please respect copyright.PENANAgT3Z61DEwF
畢竟呢啲殖民地開發不嬲都係高風險㗎啦85Please respect copyright.PENANALjV53sAPGL
佢地死冇人會覺得出奇85Please respect copyright.PENANA4QRTYWDTVs
更重要嘅係俾斯麥本身就唔想發得太大85Please respect copyright.PENANAzU3NELwYT7
佢要嘅效果85Please respect copyright.PENANArUXvG9nZT6
就係用最低成本85Please respect copyright.PENANAdkXtZs6aBQ
令德國喺短時間內85Please respect copyright.PENANAsqT9qvtbZQ
獲取足夠多嘅殖民地85Please respect copyright.PENANAk9hViRVu2t
等佢可以喺嚟緊英法之間嘅殖民地爭議中善價而沽85Please respect copyright.PENANALiB2j3iZWl
德國作為老三要做嘅85Please respect copyright.PENANAOxdQKBfDmC
就係平衡阿大同老二嘅勢力85Please respect copyright.PENANAT234aMhxKE
等佢地喺下面慢慢耗85Please respect copyright.PENANAdnkq7bKpSi
自己喺歐陸先會安穩85Please respect copyright.PENANAZY33aaGHAU
呢樣就係俾斯麥點解喺1880年代無啦啦搞殖民主義最底層嘅原因喇
好喇籌碼就喺手喇85Please respect copyright.PENANAbHPlnHAHVV
而家就爭咁張賭枱85Please respect copyright.PENANAvoBAnGpKXZ
俾斯麥需要一個好似上次柏林會議咁嘅外交場合85Please respect copyright.PENANAzawo0PAAs2
等佢可以遊走於英法嘅殖民地鬥爭之中85Please respect copyright.PENANAmt0z46xazH
咁啱法國同比利時喺剛果河流域歸屬問題上嘅爭議85Please respect copyright.PENANAbRZmvqgKp0
有越演越烈嘅趨勢85Please respect copyright.PENANADqF7YTP7GD
而本來已經衰落到冇人理嘅葡萄牙85Please respect copyright.PENANA77EQBy1LBN
又突然喺櫳底摷咗份鹹鹹臭臭嘅條約出嚟85Please respect copyright.PENANA3srepDAnZS
話早喺15世紀已經同當地嘅剛果王國簽訂協議85Please respect copyright.PENANAo5n4hG8p7r
可以自由使用剛果河口南岸嘅一大片土地85Please respect copyright.PENANAcddJHtfbbk
(即現今安哥拉,詳情請參閱第二集)85Please respect copyright.PENANAIv4zGydqzT
要佢大佬英國撑佢維護當地嘅領土完整85Please respect copyright.PENANA3VzDax6LSL
忽然間剛果河就成為四國爭拗嘅熱點85Please respect copyright.PENANAczXEA3rB22
俾斯麥心諗喂掂呀屌你85Please respect copyright.PENANAgMYSfZMF28
於是建議大家過嚟柏林開個會斟斟85Please respect copyright.PENANABiWhn0ijve
各國見上次柏林會議搞得幾靚仔吓85Please respect copyright.PENANAZCbhLh5gZw
都紛紛嚮應85Please respect copyright.PENANA5f4cRUse3O
最終1884年11月15號喺俾斯麥嘅官邸85Please respect copyright.PENANAtKb4QTAUVi
齊集除咗瑞士同啲鹹豆咁細嘅鼻屎國外全部歐洲國家85Please respect copyright.PENANAfQXwCKQz54
再加上美國同鄂圖曼總共14個國家同組織85Please respect copyright.PENANAXBJXmJWW8w
(比利時係以國際剛果協會而唔係國家名義參加)85Please respect copyright.PENANAsIgolg23yI
參與呢個惡名昭彰、後世駡不絕口嘅柏林剛果會議喇
其實呢個會喺外交上唔算好高級別85Please respect copyright.PENANAFKWpPbjGvr
嗰時冇飛機85Please respect copyright.PENANA4SWBvXnHNI
要一國首腦掉低本國事務山長水遠去一個地方開個會85Please respect copyright.PENANApb95rDwOZH
必定係關乎到國運嘅大事85Please respect copyright.PENANAC8v29AwChJ
好似上次柏林會議85Please respect copyright.PENANAn20mnMrenT
與會嘅全部唔係外長就係首相本人85Please respect copyright.PENANAjusyuYVxCk
相反今次嚟開會嘅85Please respect copyright.PENANA0Vgw1Z2Idx
都係各國駐柏林大使85Please respect copyright.PENANAFfJs20nlFW
亦因為咁佢地係做唔到重大決定嘅85Please respect copyright.PENANAvUWpDNNf95
每當要決定某啲事務時85Please respect copyright.PENANAqiZGyxxzRl
啲大使都要聯絡本國外長甚至元首85Please respect copyright.PENANAFxZetxgirI
所以個會都拖到幾長吓85Please respect copyright.PENANAXqQkGLO6Xq
計埋聖誕同新年放咗幾日假85Please respect copyright.PENANA7xpbd8RCoD
總共開咗104日85Please respect copyright.PENANAg5kH94hzYt
到第二年嘅2月26號先完結85Please respect copyright.PENANAsowBERNpIj
(對比1878年嗰次就啱啱好開咗一個月)85Please respect copyright.PENANA76EYP1ZHh4
咁從側面反映85Please respect copyright.PENANAN3GXfYn0AL
喺嗰時對各國嚟講85Please respect copyright.PENANAldbNBLQZ6G
殖民地政策所佔嘅比重其實唔算好大85Please respect copyright.PENANAuC4fse3AgZ
不過好快就會有改變
呢個會主要解決嘅問題有:85Please respect copyright.PENANAOJpxFtPSRV
1)剛果盆地歸屬85Please respect copyright.PENANA0oAL6XfOqQ
2)兩大水系(尼日河同剛果河)航權85Please respect copyright.PENANA3NfMUIr3P5
3)何謂“有效佔據”85Please respect copyright.PENANAP1EnUHZ5aH
關於第一個問題85Please respect copyright.PENANAWiBC0xCYPc
喺我對上一篇《由比利時嘅斷掌朱古力講起》都有約略講過吓85Please respect copyright.PENANAFrdb6aYVjf
我就唔係呢度重覆喇85Please respect copyright.PENANAx1cCdb30Eg
簡單重溫吓85Please respect copyright.PENANAAMcl2Ii1y4
當時各國已經知道85Please respect copyright.PENANACH5TixyL5S
利奧波德二世呢個掛住人道主義者面具嘅豺狼85Please respect copyright.PENANAn5d7g3QQpw
背後嘅陰謀㗎喇85Please respect copyright.PENANAQF6efZE0gW
不過基於勢力平衡關係85Please respect copyright.PENANADtvtlItU89
畀中立國比利時控制中非呢一大片土地85Please respect copyright.PENANAOZsEhlEaCL
對各國都有好處85Please respect copyright.PENANArCLd3cXxdn
而法國喺剛果河北岸呢一輪大動作85Please respect copyright.PENANA63UaaOwKSA
目的都只係警示利奧波德二世唔好諗住踩過界啫85Please respect copyright.PENANAjUmEyL52Bj
並唔係真係想爭晒成個剛果85Please respect copyright.PENANAfUZlgnv2IN
所以與會各國一致贊成由國際剛果協會管理剛果河南岸85Please respect copyright.PENANA5fCVd2tfUc
而北岸就歸法國所有85Please respect copyright.PENANA9bTZfNPoxh
就係咁85Please respect copyright.PENANAzbADc99TFl
剛果自由邦成為咗利奧波德二世苦心經營下嘅外交奇蹟喇
剛果自由邦北面疆界基本上就係剛果河
OK搞掂一樣會議繼續⋯⋯85Please respect copyright.PENANA79KwmYPqvN
…咪住主席有樣嘢要搞清楚先85Please respect copyright.PENANAy62brYDvtu
剛果盆地歸國際剛果協會我冇異議85Please respect copyright.PENANAB87Zo223fq
不過剛果河口個主權就唔同咁講喇85Please respect copyright.PENANAeK79xmm6mP
嗱呢份係我國喺1491年同剛果國王約翰一世所簽訂嘅合作協議85Please respect copyright.PENANAQBVyoTbsbX
訂明我國可以自由使用整個剛果河口⋯⋯85Please respect copyright.PENANAKfyDsuetcf
等等葡萄牙代表你收番張梅菜坐番低先85Please respect copyright.PENANAs8celaHcvL
唔使咁心急住85Please respect copyright.PENANAVtSM5Cx5av
你呢個提案將會同你另一個提案一併處理㗎喇85Please respect copyright.PENANAceSHqsWpmQ
咳唔⋯⋯咁會議就進入第二個議題85Please respect copyright.PENANAYi7FRXwrlS
撒哈拉以南兩大河流──西非嘅尼日河同中非嘅剛果河85Please respect copyright.PENANAWd7MzarH0A
一直都係通往非洲內陸最重要嘅航道85Please respect copyright.PENANAMmD37SXAQ9
關於呢兩大水系嘅通航問題85Please respect copyright.PENANAYmsbtIDKwN
其實就相對簡單85Please respect copyright.PENANAbLqA8w1NRe
因為成個會打正旗號係用自由貿易開化啲黑鬼達至遏止奴隸貿易85Please respect copyright.PENANAExlOe1k9PJ
所以航行自由係必須嘅85Please respect copyright.PENANAB8A1syM2fA
尼日河口位於英國佔據嘅尼日三角洲保護地85Please respect copyright.PENANAptxwi4YYBk
理所當然進入尼日河所需嘅物流保安等等嘅需求同收益85Please respect copyright.PENANAoTcKN1nUlB
自然就由英國所負責同享用啦
尼日河同佢廣闊流域內嘅盆地
至於剛果河呢⋯⋯85Please respect copyright.PENANAn7T9Hz9OZ6
得得得你坐番低先85Please respect copyright.PENANAE4uDticgNi
而家就處理今個會第三個要解決嘅問題──何謂有效佔據85Please respect copyright.PENANAaBhdajkmhv
順便講埋葡萄牙嘅議題85Please respect copyright.PENANARIvRcqdahC
本來列強殖民非洲個玩法85Please respect copyright.PENANAiAcDozvfYN
一路都係佔據非洲沿岸各個河口海灣後85Please respect copyright.PENANAqax9HUWJFk
再同當地土著簽吓合作協議、起吓貿易站仔85Please respect copyright.PENANAzg9bn5IEGF
嗰度就歸佢85Please respect copyright.PENANANd9sfPhjUS
不過畀啲先入局嘅咁樣咁低成本霸晒啲地85Please respect copyright.PENANAzgBWlQL6VI
對後來者其實相當唔公平85Please respect copyright.PENANAENtYZuI3MI
俾斯麥建議殖民者需要同當地部落簽署協議之餘85Please respect copyright.PENANAYiNSMtb6BR
並顯示對當地有實質控制85Please respect copyright.PENANA6mnsmUItDB
好似有發展基建或者駐紮軍隊維持治安等等85Please respect copyright.PENANA9qNikI9JYi
嗰度先算係佢轄下嘅保護國85Please respect copyright.PENANAFEvtt2u60A
咁樣嘅話英法兩國嘅殖民地開支必定會大增85Please respect copyright.PENANAC5A1u11QHb
正常嚟講佢地係會反對嘅85Please respect copyright.PENANA5OObEjU9my
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目的就係要用呢堆小國嚟牽制英法呢兩個老牌殖民大國85Please respect copyright.PENANAlQrTzQWL6R
而英國個豬隊友葡萄牙嘅立場85Please respect copyright.PENANAXaEepPzVoP
就直程令俾斯麥如虎添翼啦
喺今次個會上85Please respect copyright.PENANA05HVKxXaZK
葡萄牙其實係相當進取嘅85Please respect copyright.PENANAxorL9lHoks
除咗說服英國支持佢爭剛果河口外85Please respect copyright.PENANAmrn7kpKVE6
仲喺會議上提出以先發現原則劃地85Please respect copyright.PENANAvmIqI5Mzaw
並提議將東非莫桑比克同西非安哥拉之間一大片土地85Please respect copyright.PENANAA4LoXpI04c
都劃晒畀佢85Please respect copyright.PENANA4XgMYgB4IR
形成貫穿非洲中南部嘅走廊85Please respect copyright.PENANA31nICMHHuP
即係所謂嘅“粉紅地圖”
…嗱阿葡萄牙代表85Please respect copyright.PENANAXr4bEyTidm
而家個遊戲玩法同你地個腦停留嗰個年代唔同晒㗎喇85Please respect copyright.PENANAlrcjZpzukq
照你個講法如果邊個發現先就歸邊個嘅話85Please respect copyright.PENANAvOw1dNMPT7
咁成個非洲都係你㗎啦85Please respect copyright.PENANAiAdglxLqDM
大家可以收工返歸啦嘛係咪?85Please respect copyright.PENANA8hWF8zZ6NK
唔係㗎嘛85Please respect copyright.PENANAtQ9PIAIwyW
而家個原則就係邊個證明到對一笪地方有實質控制85Please respect copyright.PENANAxDYHsKBBEU
邊個先有資格去佔據嗰度85Please respect copyright.PENANAkJRKxYseO5
以剛果河口為例85Please respect copyright.PENANAds9ALMoZvu
國際剛果協會已經證明咗佢對嗰度有實質控制85Please respect copyright.PENANAfhRcpSH8dm
而你就只係得份連簽署國都滅亡咗嘅歷史文件85Please respect copyright.PENANAAJ9phSUlRp
咁樣我地好難做㗎喎85Please respect copyright.PENANAD0Ih9uiDOk
我建議剛果河口北岸歸國際剛果協會85Please respect copyright.PENANA1uUsAvn9d8
南岸就歸葡屬安哥拉85Please respect copyright.PENANAcTrI8TVP63
大家有冇異議?本來英國早喺2月已經同葡萄牙簽署協議85Please respect copyright.PENANA1lEDy8Xmb8
支持佢爭取剛果河口85Please respect copyright.PENANA4n6IN3pXz4
不過當呢份“粉紅地圖”一擺上枱面85Please respect copyright.PENANAdAs0gtH8xh
英國佬即刻嬲到紅都面晒85Please respect copyright.PENANAMNAkPSySZl
事關如果畀葡萄牙建立到呢條中南非走廊嘅話85Please respect copyright.PENANAycv4n3JoST
佢嗰個籌備中嘅“縱斷非洲”計劃就會斷纜85Please respect copyright.PENANAIm2Zn15bZv
呢樣嘢係絕對唔可以發生
英國嘅“縱斷非洲”同法國嘅“橫斷非洲”85Please respect copyright.PENANAW7RoXDgSzN
是為非洲版過三關85Please respect copyright.PENANAy5TVcRR9Wt
詳情請參閱我對上一篇廢文
英國即時陷於兩難85Please respect copyright.PENANAx4fkTUGN3Q
如果支持葡萄牙個先發現原則攞剛果河口嘅話85Please respect copyright.PENANAglsQrOQ6gX
佢就要同時承認“粉紅地圖”85Please respect copyright.PENANATi4n2B1EvM
如果要保住佢盤過三關嘅話85Please respect copyright.PENANAGQNlUvXFDY
佢就要接受俾斯麥嘅詭計兼背棄盟友85Please respect copyright.PENANAKDGrYl5jMo
兩害取其輕下英國佬決定叫葡萄牙吔自己85Please respect copyright.PENANAVDaY1AyGsk
轉向支持國際剛果協會85Please respect copyright.PENANAxqHHGS05V1
利奧波德二世得到彌足珍貴嘅出海口85Please respect copyright.PENANAdP58m1tvYV
獲得完全嘅外交勝利85Please respect copyright.PENANA8Qmiyw6mBP
而俾斯麥為英法兩國所搭建嘅呢個非洲鬥獸場亦就此完成喇
因為柏林會議嘅分割85Please respect copyright.PENANANAP5GjaMcy
剛果河北岸安哥拉嘅領土85Please respect copyright.PENANAO8tV4YSVno
自始成為一塊飛地85Please respect copyright.PENANAG0TzwJ4IMc往後章節都會提及吓非洲呢啲奇奇怪怪嘅劃界
跟住落嚟嘅會議就係與會各國之間嘅雙邊或者三邊談判85Please respect copyright.PENANAU1TCZuwvJI
基本上都係喺非洲有殖民地嗰啲國家就領土劃分上互相博弈85Please respect copyright.PENANAgxUA7lXjlB
例如德國讓出東非桑吉巴蘇丹國嘅主導權畀英國嚟換取北海一個小島啦85Please respect copyright.PENANA6TzywIdLJa
或者法國同意意大利佔領利比亞同非洲之角嘅厄立特里亞85Please respect copyright.PENANANaqehPGuFl
以尋求意大利承認法國喺突尼西亞嘅主權啦85Please respect copyright.PENANAfIEBIHXqjb
又或者英國用北尼日利亞同法國交換紐芬蘭嘅捕魚權等等85Please respect copyright.PENANA5gIaii1jMw
可能各位小朋友都對呢堆遙遠嘅名字感到陌生85Please respect copyright.PENANAZuc4I4ABhi
冇錯85Please respect copyright.PENANABMIyVEv1bz
唔只你地85Please respect copyright.PENANAFuN2ZZfbd5
連當時啲遠在歐洲嘅王公貴冑都唔知嗰度有啲乜85Please respect copyright.PENANAoNbG1R67Kd
正如時任英國首相嘅梳士巴利爵士所言85Please respect copyright.PENANAuj4WMSQNzL
「我地交換到嘅呢啲山脈、湖泊同土地,實際上係連我地都唔知喺邊」85Please respect copyright.PENANAfPRCXLOwih
事實上整個非洲就畀列強當成無主之地85Please respect copyright.PENANA6uwfBC6pYn
直尺一度、大筆一揮就被肆意分割85Please respect copyright.PENANA89SvcT2PWA
分割出嚟嘅“籌碼”就被用作交換各色各樣同非洲相關或者唔相關嘅利益85Please respect copyright.PENANAHanFl7Y1YV
至於啲世居喺呢片「未知國度」嘅黑鬼85Please respect copyright.PENANAfUdbWLMaH7
佢地嘅利益理所當然就唔會被考慮啦85Please respect copyright.PENANAWAFHUdppDI
伴隨住呢啲分割嘅85Please respect copyright.PENANA3DB2Cn5x3Y
係非洲入面唔同部族喺千百年間自然演化出嚟嘅勢力範圍被重新劃分
呢啲歐洲人強加於非洲嘅疆界85Please respect copyright.PENANAtF7jBY4LmE
往往會將敵對嘅部族劃埋一齊85Please respect copyright.PENANAQ5XvnvXMA0
又或者將同一個部族分開喺唔同嘅國家85Please respect copyright.PENANA7xhRf7I4gc
咁好自然敵對嘅勢力會互相鬥爭85Please respect copyright.PENANAXaMiYlo96X
相同嘅部族又會試圖合併85Please respect copyright.PENANAAljVFJ5Xrv
非洲人嘅命運巨輪自始悄然起動85Please respect copyright.PENANAuHEhtPmvLd
整個非洲將會成為一部特大號嘅絞肉機85Please respect copyright.PENANA3nmhz6cFPj
不過呢啲咁遙遠又咁長遠嘅事85Please respect copyright.PENANA40a3hFj4VM
對當時身處歐洲廟堂嘅諸公嚟講85Please respect copyright.PENANAUmhcERT2iR
又點會理會同預料到呢
殖民時期前嘅部族勢力分界同現代非洲國界重叠圖
非洲喺二戰後各地武裝衝突地點示意圖
對比呢兩幅圖就可以睇到85Please respect copyright.PENANAOAh7FN091w
呢啲無視當地土著勢力範圍嘅分割85Please respect copyright.PENANATwxMWbqQ7r
就係往後非洲紛亂不堪最重要嘅起始因素喇85Please respect copyright.PENANAGVoQlz49K6
根據地域可以將呢啲衝突歸類為四個“重災區”85Please respect copyright.PENANAZQGv6PZrtw
1)法國控制、穆斯林人口主導嘅北非地中海沿岸85Please respect copyright.PENANArmKpGOc4Ja
2)北緯12度以南、撒哈拉同中非雨林之間嘅草原地帶
阿拉伯人稱之為“薩赫勒”85Please respect copyright.PENANA7ASQTGYudP
意思係“撒哈拉之海以南”85Please respect copyright.PENANAy2nsGIrTtO
視乎旱澇情況呢度既係北面穆斯林嘅放牧場又係南面土著王國嘅耕地85Please respect copyright.PENANA2m4iVWlgp8
自古以來就係兩邊人互相廝咬嘅源頭
3)中非剛果盆地同佢東邊嘅大湖區85Please respect copyright.PENANA7dyP4LhDEn
4)礦產資源豐富、較為發達但係貧富極為懸殊嘅非洲南部85Please respect copyright.PENANAVmaPcrhzr0
基本上各自都有自身獨特嘅原因搞到今時今日咁嘅田地85Please respect copyright.PENANAaHD4ezHoHy
呢啲會喺嚟緊嘅章節慢慢去講85Please respect copyright.PENANARgqYyHqyC6
不過我會講講佢地共同擁有嘅“歷史機遇”先85Please respect copyright.PENANAayWzAkOnRE
下一集《盛宴之後》再同大家吹過
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識睇嘅就梗係睇埋個尾啦85Please respect copyright.PENANAtwDpoAZsjt
話說柏林會議雖然為後世所唾罵85Please respect copyright.PENANAiLtsuyqNx8
不過喺嗰時85Please respect copyright.PENANAv0MiDrwsH9
的確為各殖民宗主國提供咗一個文明解決潛在爭議嘅框架85Please respect copyright.PENANAw1DM5PTmB2
俾斯麥憑藉佢靈活嘅外交手腕85Please respect copyright.PENANAWG1uGjD1kn
喺各國錯綜複雜嘅利益關係網中85Please respect copyright.PENANAVPL6H8gHRk
一步步拆解分岐85Please respect copyright.PENANAzjjOgY3277
最終搵到個大家都可以接受嘅方案85Please respect copyright.PENANAfqm1x8x3ta
唔使動輒就要打要殺85Please respect copyright.PENANA3RvyTfC88D
目的都係為德國提供一個穩定嘅歐陸85Please respect copyright.PENANAQ79D7PLQEN
以發展佢嘅經濟85Please respect copyright.PENANApflgZ1DvS5
德意志帝國有幸有呢位無雙國士85Please respect copyright.PENANAUX06HpXq8x
可以話係有今生冇來世
之但係帝國呢種國體85Please respect copyright.PENANAuReu3sfw1q
就註定有明君先可以有賢臣嘅85Please respect copyright.PENANAIq6itaQ8Qp
呢台由俾斯麥一人擔綱嘅獨腳戲85Please respect copyright.PENANAB2u3wvVbk0
終究有落幕嘅一日85Please respect copyright.PENANAmRumxmjb8H
當嗰位自信滿滿又衝動成性嘅少主登基時85Please respect copyright.PENANAAMBYPVOB0Y
俾斯麥嗰套遊走於各方矛盾嘅平衡85Please respect copyright.PENANARNbGzp6Jtt
就唔係好啱佢胃口喇85Please respect copyright.PENANAUk79vvKrV9
佢覺得戰戰兢兢咁踩鋼線實在太慢太悶85Please respect copyright.PENANADBlDsCozLg
不如痛痛快快咁玩跳火圈啦85Please respect copyright.PENANAOBRcY3lwes
1890年3月22號85Please respect copyright.PENANAXXGoNKnQvd
威廉二世以俾斯麥推行嘅反社會主義者法案過於激進為由85Please respect copyright.PENANAkoaWmIiSUs
迫令佢辭職85Please respect copyright.PENANAJsdkkUKYBK
自此呢位德意志帝國嘅舵手就黯然落台85Please respect copyright.PENANA3nJd7SR779
威廉仔亦都開始周圍點火表演跳火圈喇
領航員落船
日耳曼尼亞同俾斯麥睇住兒皇帝玩火自焚
“俾斯麥體系”隨之而瓦解85Please respect copyright.PENANAE3Hc97ATGa
對列強嚟講85Please respect copyright.PENANAOafDSb5m4g
德國再唔係穩定歐陸勢力嘅伙伴85Please respect copyright.PENANAwubpJlaKDh
而係反覆無常嘅計時炸彈85Please respect copyright.PENANAWwTiq8ECXy
漸漸合作變成對立、猜忌加劇矛盾85Please respect copyright.PENANAg95ZScrLMx
最終走向大戰⋯⋯85Please respect copyright.PENANArwTJxcms2h
有時不禁會諗85Please respect copyright.PENANAZwmGL5mnN1
最佳答案有時真係未必有最好結果㗎85Please respect copyright.PENANA5z9kMvrLPP
如果1878年柏林會議時俾斯麥狠下決心撐俄國85Please respect copyright.PENANAB9OYd9quJk
令世界大戰由威廉一世-俾斯麥-老毛奇呢個鐵三角應對85Please respect copyright.PENANAv0D4FWsIXO
歷史會唔會改寫呢?85Please respect copyright.PENANAYp8URSl51y
德意志帝國同沙俄會唔會繼續存在?85Please respect copyright.PENANA05KXUaklQT共慘黨又會唔會被掃進棺材呢?85Please respect copyright.PENANAsv3EwC9Twv
而嗰喺個平行宇宙嘅我85Please respect copyright.PENANAG67L3Fvfap
又會點樣寫呢個故仔呢?
85Please respect copyright.PENANAR2wZGRoqjJ
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