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德國統一初期佢對海外擴張都係相當抗拒61Please respect copyright.PENANAL14ksJugMU
原因之一係繼承自普魯士嘅帝國海軍61Please respect copyright.PENANAyto40cOBNu
規模實在太細61Please respect copyright.PENANAEUDjduZvBa
根本支撐唔到龐大嘅殖民地發展61Please respect copyright.PENANAeekbtqdyq3
就咁其實德國唔係冇能力發展遠洋艦隊61Please respect copyright.PENANA4jarkQBSdG
相反德國船廠嘅技術喺當時係首屈一指61Please respect copyright.PENANA4AyBfjc79i
號稱遠東最強戰艦嘅定遠號同鎮遠號61Please respect copyright.PENANAE6tSExnsHR
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個海軍咁鵪鶉嘅原因61Please respect copyright.PENANAjEP3O40xn9
純粹係國策使然啫
定遠號同鎮遠號喺德國港口付運時情況
俾斯麥刻意壓抑海軍發展61Please respect copyright.PENANASLOwGWwFBN
原因係避免同其他列強直接競爭61Please respect copyright.PENANA7wvV1zl9uQ
例如喺1867年尾61Please respect copyright.PENANAWvF6sd8tdj
北德意志邦聯海軍司令繞過俾斯麥61Please respect copyright.PENANAWuoJqO4mIf
直接同中美洲哥斯達黎加協議設立軍港61Please respect copyright.PENANAK85QoLuOxn
當俾斯麥知道時即時叫停61Please respect copyright.PENANAY9be6jgfYy
原因就係因為佢驚得罪美國61Please respect copyright.PENANADEFXp4rIgJ
(門羅主義下嘅美國對歐洲國家介入美洲事務相當反感)61Please respect copyright.PENANA3VACAQpDmC
對一個距離咁遠嘅強國都咁忌憚61Please respect copyright.PENANAFWXNwe4gWY
何況英國、法國呢啲傳統海軍強國61Please respect copyright.PENANAGbVksc5RxT
以德國個地理位置61Please respect copyright.PENANApKrk2ilzTf
發展遠洋艦隊61Please respect copyright.PENANAa8Kv5d3D7u
根本係浪費寶貴嘅國家資源61Please respect copyright.PENANAFuS0kWRUy0
冇強大嘅海軍61Please respect copyright.PENANAp9os98RDOt
殖民主義又從何談起呢?
以一個明瞭發展強大海軍弊端嘅歷史偉人61Please respect copyright.PENANAye8YcfvnNk
嚟命名一艘帝國最強大嘅戰艦61Please respect copyright.PENANAgExXp37m9w
總係有種開緊歷史玩笑嘅味道⋯⋯
不過官方嘅立場並唔影響民間對海外擴張嘅嚮往61Please respect copyright.PENANAlnHsWRcy2i
喺1860年代中期開始61Please respect copyright.PENANA0FgMK3rUuR
尤其係探索剛果盆地成功後61Please respect copyright.PENANASliehJsNEi
各國包括德國嘅民間都充斥住對探險嘅熱情61Please respect copyright.PENANAuj6dM1QWdF
形形色色嘅企業同地理學會都紛紛組團61Please respect copyright.PENANAayZcgeM0du
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傳統殖民強國好似英法兩國61Please respect copyright.PENANAACMAYTBIsG
同埋某個博晒老命搵殖民地嘅豆腐膶低地國61Please respect copyright.PENANAR5rsOOmNPA
因為有國家機器加持61Please respect copyright.PENANAeeclci6h6e
啲探險隊當然就如魚得水啦61Please respect copyright.PENANAKQodusxxkg
但係德國嗰啲就陰公喇61Please respect copyright.PENANA70MfCKfZSc
喺1868年俾斯麥寫畀佢老友戰爭部長羅恩伯爵嘅信中61Please respect copyright.PENANAa71vs1LjPG
佢表明唔會用納稅人嘅錢支持呢啲同國策相違背嘅私人企業活動61Please respect copyright.PENANAWNjYj2A947
就係咁啲企業就算探到險簽到合作協議都好61Please respect copyright.PENANAEYnEuz13lG
到最後返到德國都會畀俾斯麥拒之門外白忙一場61Please respect copyright.PENANACB6KUnDKjw
攞唔到國家資助自然就發展唔到啦61Please respect copyright.PENANA5ejnCgjdKO
不過情況好快就會有改變⋯⋯
1878年柏林會議後61Please respect copyright.PENANA5ti7PxJnSW
巴爾幹局勢暫時穩定落嚟61Please respect copyright.PENANAz15yKYven5
而德奧意三國同盟61Please respect copyright.PENANAjm5Ap69uJQ
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為嗰個時代嘅歐洲確立咗一個和平嘅基礎61Please respect copyright.PENANAHgb9HbytXg
至少係表面上啦61Please respect copyright.PENANAJfXvh9c0NQ
俾斯麥終於保得住德國個後欄61Please respect copyright.PENANAosNXEjfaju
可以專心應付嚟自法國嘅敵意喇61Please respect copyright.PENANA9X89mlGMHk
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英法喺會上嘅枱底交易61Please respect copyright.PENANAz5ehaGug47
似乎都預視咗嚟緊嘅外交角力焦點61Please respect copyright.PENANAf66FEpgzA9
將會由歐陸轉移到各殖民地事務上61Please respect copyright.PENANAw1uDGwXeUB
同巴爾幹動輒牽扯上幾百年嘅國仇家恨唔同61Please respect copyright.PENANAfZ9aGPHHZD
呢啲殖民地爭議61Please respect copyright.PENANAdW98snsPcx
本質上純粹係基於經濟利益嘅啫61Please respect copyright.PENANAkHym9CXBxV
德國要參與其中61Please respect copyright.PENANAponW9bidrI
從而繼續喺外交上孤立法國同分散佢對歐陸嘅注意力嘅話61Please respect copyright.PENANAoKzvu6Fv7t
就唔可以好似今次咁只係做個Honest Broker就夠61Please respect copyright.PENANAwJKj1U71hX
佢一定要有啲籌碼喺手61Please respect copyright.PENANA0npoEfNVcO
先可以埋枱玩61Please respect copyright.PENANAjJqKk3FlFR
咁代表俾斯麥要做樣佢唔係好想做嘅嘢──海外擴張61Please respect copyright.PENANASWLE8bW3Gv
喺1880年尾開始61Please respect copyright.PENANAlGOTiARmtq
之前食飽閉門羹嘅企業同機構61Please respect copyright.PENANAmW6VGlRGdy
陸續獲得俾斯麥接見61Please respect copyright.PENANAKq00AtUhmr
並且陸續獲批殖民地嘅特許狀61Please respect copyright.PENANAqKHctYq03t
1884年4月-德屬西南非洲(納米比亞);7月-西非嘅多哥蘭同喀麥隆;61Please respect copyright.PENANAdBfCdAzSFR
1885年2月-德屬東非(坦桑尼亞);4月-肯雅61Please respect copyright.PENANAPipElsx6f0
加埋幾個喺南太平洋嘅群島仔61Please respect copyright.PENANA7zfNfdIgKR
於是德國喺一年間61Please respect copyright.PENANAyQi6zS2vTG
就由冇到有咁建立起僅次於英法兩國、全球第三大嘅殖民帝國喇
德國喺非洲嘅殖民地
俾斯麥為日爾曼尼亞着起名為殖民主義嘅新裝
睇落好似好威威咁61Please respect copyright.PENANA4xRabC2cJA
不過呢啲殖民地其實都係掛個名係德國旗下嘅啫61Please respect copyright.PENANAK9zHikPFfX
因為俾斯麥根本唔想使太多錢喺呢度61Please respect copyright.PENANAwJicYSnFf2
呢一紙特許狀純粹係畀呢啲殖民地公司專營權61Please respect copyright.PENANAZuIi6UXvQc
同喺“必要”時提供軍事援助啫61Please respect copyright.PENANA9h0keNUnnk
咩探索呀開發呀治安呀嗰啲麻煩就閣下自理喇61Please respect copyright.PENANAzvAechJ9bc
呢個由私人公司主導嘅殖民模式係註定失敗嘅61Please respect copyright.PENANAt6O8hKQ2fV
皆因冇國家機器直接統籌嘅話61Please respect copyright.PENANA8KG5KDluoV
民間機構係冇可能處理到殖民地入面嘅諸多事務61Please respect copyright.PENANA3rI1iC7HGQ
強如英國東印度公司呢間有國家支援嘅百年老店61Please respect copyright.PENANACH8pUCYRIy
最後都要衰喺一場全國暴動上61Please respect copyright.PENANAZjye291HHk
要政府接管執手尾
由牛油同豬油引發嘅1857年印度兵變
咁你會問明知死路一條點解俾斯麥都仲要行嘅61Please respect copyright.PENANAxr1Xz5gNZ0
首先要搞清楚死嘅唔係俾斯麥唔係德國61Please respect copyright.PENANA1C5KVSBMUx
而係啲私人企業61Please respect copyright.PENANAcV4JvdFl5n
畢竟呢啲殖民地開發不嬲都係高風險㗎啦61Please respect copyright.PENANAhjpBb4OF90
佢地死冇人會覺得出奇61Please respect copyright.PENANAHFtNc1jHPs
更重要嘅係俾斯麥本身就唔想發得太大61Please respect copyright.PENANAjcozzF3WhG
佢要嘅效果61Please respect copyright.PENANAAS48TlMQ5W
就係用最低成本61Please respect copyright.PENANAQD9HcwJE0s
令德國喺短時間內61Please respect copyright.PENANANe9wgr5rvK
獲取足夠多嘅殖民地61Please respect copyright.PENANAA92DwcZa6z
等佢可以喺嚟緊英法之間嘅殖民地爭議中善價而沽61Please respect copyright.PENANAFO6HTMLLQU
德國作為老三要做嘅61Please respect copyright.PENANAA4fxnVtRhh
就係平衡阿大同老二嘅勢力61Please respect copyright.PENANAf0Y7DdOZWr
等佢地喺下面慢慢耗61Please respect copyright.PENANAZoH2bTRLX7
自己喺歐陸先會安穩61Please respect copyright.PENANAhvnei3QIZ4
呢樣就係俾斯麥點解喺1880年代無啦啦搞殖民主義最底層嘅原因喇
好喇籌碼就喺手喇61Please respect copyright.PENANAsJOGuDxgn1
而家就爭咁張賭枱61Please respect copyright.PENANAq6suEgLaEh
俾斯麥需要一個好似上次柏林會議咁嘅外交場合61Please respect copyright.PENANAyDmh8FuPnG
等佢可以遊走於英法嘅殖民地鬥爭之中61Please respect copyright.PENANAnfkV8Ty39A
咁啱法國同比利時喺剛果河流域歸屬問題上嘅爭議61Please respect copyright.PENANA6mqT81jqr6
有越演越烈嘅趨勢61Please respect copyright.PENANA8MEKsZ2xC8
而本來已經衰落到冇人理嘅葡萄牙61Please respect copyright.PENANABlTPTyL1tA
又突然喺櫳底摷咗份鹹鹹臭臭嘅條約出嚟61Please respect copyright.PENANA1aRg6uEzR6
話早喺15世紀已經同當地嘅剛果王國簽訂協議61Please respect copyright.PENANA4M4mP9k8hO
可以自由使用剛果河口南岸嘅一大片土地61Please respect copyright.PENANA4pgUmT5Inj
(即現今安哥拉,詳情請參閱第二集)61Please respect copyright.PENANA3he66LSMuO
要佢大佬英國撑佢維護當地嘅領土完整61Please respect copyright.PENANADMoXUH3JLr
忽然間剛果河就成為四國爭拗嘅熱點61Please respect copyright.PENANAxA37PQialT
俾斯麥心諗喂掂呀屌你61Please respect copyright.PENANAoJYLVG1AkI
於是建議大家過嚟柏林開個會斟斟61Please respect copyright.PENANAhxXK6QH5J6
各國見上次柏林會議搞得幾靚仔吓61Please respect copyright.PENANAMKQbp83PQC
都紛紛嚮應61Please respect copyright.PENANAiER832afJC
最終1884年11月15號喺俾斯麥嘅官邸61Please respect copyright.PENANARW5CvpErqL
齊集除咗瑞士同啲鹹豆咁細嘅鼻屎國外全部歐洲國家61Please respect copyright.PENANABDmicz01tD
再加上美國同鄂圖曼總共14個國家同組織61Please respect copyright.PENANA2XhbedeZXl
(比利時係以國際剛果協會而唔係國家名義參加)61Please respect copyright.PENANANCThVXYyzS
參與呢個惡名昭彰、後世駡不絕口嘅柏林剛果會議喇
其實呢個會喺外交上唔算好高級別61Please respect copyright.PENANAXvm7HTrjlZ
嗰時冇飛機61Please respect copyright.PENANAMa4lCd7YQ5
要一國首腦掉低本國事務山長水遠去一個地方開個會61Please respect copyright.PENANAmslgRpJSLa
必定係關乎到國運嘅大事61Please respect copyright.PENANA7LWv6EJhz9
好似上次柏林會議61Please respect copyright.PENANAnFHwBcd4iS
與會嘅全部唔係外長就係首相本人61Please respect copyright.PENANAPt2u8vXrXz
相反今次嚟開會嘅61Please respect copyright.PENANApVOoYbUEW0
都係各國駐柏林大使61Please respect copyright.PENANAagM3Y7kJOV
亦因為咁佢地係做唔到重大決定嘅61Please respect copyright.PENANAaw4h99pGif
每當要決定某啲事務時61Please respect copyright.PENANAMpoy70CF83
啲大使都要聯絡本國外長甚至元首61Please respect copyright.PENANAFy4VzX8XWu
所以個會都拖到幾長吓61Please respect copyright.PENANA0UsgmTqIi6
計埋聖誕同新年放咗幾日假61Please respect copyright.PENANAZG5iLMjJ32
總共開咗104日61Please respect copyright.PENANAZRVJwyaoWs
到第二年嘅2月26號先完結61Please respect copyright.PENANAkymzNks2bW
(對比1878年嗰次就啱啱好開咗一個月)61Please respect copyright.PENANAgyIQuKwyqp
咁從側面反映61Please respect copyright.PENANAHlGJZd3IFk
喺嗰時對各國嚟講61Please respect copyright.PENANAljVrqwo7dB
殖民地政策所佔嘅比重其實唔算好大61Please respect copyright.PENANA9vTWx6fe3B
不過好快就會有改變
呢個會主要解決嘅問題有:61Please respect copyright.PENANAa1DSx3dnHK
1)剛果盆地歸屬61Please respect copyright.PENANAFfE4vpBaxK
2)兩大水系(尼日河同剛果河)航權61Please respect copyright.PENANAeJPpkdcs9G
3)何謂“有效佔據”61Please respect copyright.PENANAE5e4nBOKIs
關於第一個問題61Please respect copyright.PENANAS9SIMa7VSa
喺我對上一篇《由比利時嘅斷掌朱古力講起》都有約略講過吓61Please respect copyright.PENANAJlqlxJ7fSL
我就唔係呢度重覆喇61Please respect copyright.PENANADurH2Jrs6i
簡單重溫吓61Please respect copyright.PENANA5pKPrnRARu
當時各國已經知道61Please respect copyright.PENANARdX9Bczeg3
利奧波德二世呢個掛住人道主義者面具嘅豺狼61Please respect copyright.PENANAI3FqvsniS0
背後嘅陰謀㗎喇61Please respect copyright.PENANAPNHXvY35AZ
不過基於勢力平衡關係61Please respect copyright.PENANAt4n0Bsb0se
畀中立國比利時控制中非呢一大片土地61Please respect copyright.PENANAAWPuI6h058
對各國都有好處61Please respect copyright.PENANAlXnufRKsf3
而法國喺剛果河北岸呢一輪大動作61Please respect copyright.PENANAHX4GMJ2kVc
目的都只係警示利奧波德二世唔好諗住踩過界啫61Please respect copyright.PENANATXVLf2pHEW
並唔係真係想爭晒成個剛果61Please respect copyright.PENANAXJOr0DAth7
所以與會各國一致贊成由國際剛果協會管理剛果河南岸61Please respect copyright.PENANAKirWNCARgC
而北岸就歸法國所有61Please respect copyright.PENANATG8csTx1YH
就係咁61Please respect copyright.PENANAwOBYkrkpei
剛果自由邦成為咗利奧波德二世苦心經營下嘅外交奇蹟喇
剛果自由邦北面疆界基本上就係剛果河
OK搞掂一樣會議繼續⋯⋯61Please respect copyright.PENANAGXFAuLNdMM
…咪住主席有樣嘢要搞清楚先61Please respect copyright.PENANAwD5clLxPBx
剛果盆地歸國際剛果協會我冇異議61Please respect copyright.PENANANRir8qhH4z
不過剛果河口個主權就唔同咁講喇61Please respect copyright.PENANAyWhf9qSCsG
嗱呢份係我國喺1491年同剛果國王約翰一世所簽訂嘅合作協議61Please respect copyright.PENANAwUzM2sYcJR
訂明我國可以自由使用整個剛果河口⋯⋯61Please respect copyright.PENANA6CG8je8Koe
等等葡萄牙代表你收番張梅菜坐番低先61Please respect copyright.PENANAReLqyQwi1Q
唔使咁心急住61Please respect copyright.PENANAza467n1CTX
你呢個提案將會同你另一個提案一併處理㗎喇61Please respect copyright.PENANAaTqe8x1EDL
咳唔⋯⋯咁會議就進入第二個議題61Please respect copyright.PENANAIfc8ss6k98
撒哈拉以南兩大河流──西非嘅尼日河同中非嘅剛果河61Please respect copyright.PENANA2cKDiiD5jU
一直都係通往非洲內陸最重要嘅航道61Please respect copyright.PENANA4JMVFelvRv
關於呢兩大水系嘅通航問題61Please respect copyright.PENANA2bYWUQWl8j
其實就相對簡單61Please respect copyright.PENANAZ7l8I8i0pV
因為成個會打正旗號係用自由貿易開化啲黑鬼達至遏止奴隸貿易61Please respect copyright.PENANACVNGh0RoBz
所以航行自由係必須嘅61Please respect copyright.PENANAen2RkAUWlq
尼日河口位於英國佔據嘅尼日三角洲保護地61Please respect copyright.PENANAuUJUeuBdkQ
理所當然進入尼日河所需嘅物流保安等等嘅需求同收益61Please respect copyright.PENANACnLVdwHRNx
自然就由英國所負責同享用啦
尼日河同佢廣闊流域內嘅盆地
至於剛果河呢⋯⋯61Please respect copyright.PENANAEWVPW85AfI
得得得你坐番低先61Please respect copyright.PENANAsNExZ1R33B
而家就處理今個會第三個要解決嘅問題──何謂有效佔據61Please respect copyright.PENANAPVnBunIwn9
順便講埋葡萄牙嘅議題61Please respect copyright.PENANAWtkpknLv51
本來列強殖民非洲個玩法61Please respect copyright.PENANA0yFrFpUbqU
一路都係佔據非洲沿岸各個河口海灣後61Please respect copyright.PENANA1aGL4aQk42
再同當地土著簽吓合作協議、起吓貿易站仔61Please respect copyright.PENANAxrhwJegb26
嗰度就歸佢61Please respect copyright.PENANAk1BAuvvZs5
不過畀啲先入局嘅咁樣咁低成本霸晒啲地61Please respect copyright.PENANAgu6f8xrWPr
對後來者其實相當唔公平61Please respect copyright.PENANA0PH0HbUo6n
俾斯麥建議殖民者需要同當地部落簽署協議之餘61Please respect copyright.PENANArFHBw3nJ6i
並顯示對當地有實質控制61Please respect copyright.PENANAIjeHZT9FqG
好似有發展基建或者駐紮軍隊維持治安等等61Please respect copyright.PENANADR6vUF3lic
嗰度先算係佢轄下嘅保護國61Please respect copyright.PENANAR1UH7lwiWw
咁樣嘅話英法兩國嘅殖民地開支必定會大增61Please respect copyright.PENANAtBLWhXzlga
正常嚟講佢地係會反對嘅61Please respect copyright.PENANAKgROaN7IfN
不過俾斯麥之所以要全歐洲甚至連殖民地都冇嘅國家都叫埋嚟開會61Please respect copyright.PENANAaF19FgXD0O
目的就係要用呢堆小國嚟牽制英法呢兩個老牌殖民大國61Please respect copyright.PENANALKEcNpAbrL
而英國個豬隊友葡萄牙嘅立場61Please respect copyright.PENANAz1gvMGpnT8
就直程令俾斯麥如虎添翼啦
喺今次個會上61Please respect copyright.PENANARn3pdnD58M
葡萄牙其實係相當進取嘅61Please respect copyright.PENANAljAubJI4Th
除咗說服英國支持佢爭剛果河口外61Please respect copyright.PENANAln0J1QCXdM
仲喺會議上提出以先發現原則劃地61Please respect copyright.PENANAYy8KVxOKqI
並提議將東非莫桑比克同西非安哥拉之間一大片土地61Please respect copyright.PENANAh9h8dBlrzi
都劃晒畀佢61Please respect copyright.PENANAEU9MdFl29b
形成貫穿非洲中南部嘅走廊61Please respect copyright.PENANA2vZ8xsB93k
即係所謂嘅“粉紅地圖”
…嗱阿葡萄牙代表61Please respect copyright.PENANA8A3xFEEN61
而家個遊戲玩法同你地個腦停留嗰個年代唔同晒㗎喇61Please respect copyright.PENANA74IMOG90w1
照你個講法如果邊個發現先就歸邊個嘅話61Please respect copyright.PENANAAf8vOvBkA1
咁成個非洲都係你㗎啦61Please respect copyright.PENANATKJvqCGgQ9
大家可以收工返歸啦嘛係咪?61Please respect copyright.PENANAVKsT1R0nb0
唔係㗎嘛61Please respect copyright.PENANAW06pryQ6m0
而家個原則就係邊個證明到對一笪地方有實質控制61Please respect copyright.PENANAFWhcsMOuWh
邊個先有資格去佔據嗰度61Please respect copyright.PENANAdd7klZTY9c
以剛果河口為例61Please respect copyright.PENANAo2pxmTaOGl
國際剛果協會已經證明咗佢對嗰度有實質控制61Please respect copyright.PENANA1EvFxSSdeu
而你就只係得份連簽署國都滅亡咗嘅歷史文件61Please respect copyright.PENANAdJxx0Xnaqp
咁樣我地好難做㗎喎61Please respect copyright.PENANALBFD65vzHE
我建議剛果河口北岸歸國際剛果協會61Please respect copyright.PENANABt0fCzQrZb
南岸就歸葡屬安哥拉61Please respect copyright.PENANAzS0zRYyF26
大家有冇異議?本來英國早喺2月已經同葡萄牙簽署協議61Please respect copyright.PENANAwh3w86Sjza
支持佢爭取剛果河口61Please respect copyright.PENANAUbb2EV3EFW
不過當呢份“粉紅地圖”一擺上枱面61Please respect copyright.PENANAVx7fFmrPid
英國佬即刻嬲到紅都面晒61Please respect copyright.PENANAWpPSFH2djr
事關如果畀葡萄牙建立到呢條中南非走廊嘅話61Please respect copyright.PENANAWuft0BRqka
佢嗰個籌備中嘅“縱斷非洲”計劃就會斷纜61Please respect copyright.PENANA2wJC9KoTEg
呢樣嘢係絕對唔可以發生
英國嘅“縱斷非洲”同法國嘅“橫斷非洲”61Please respect copyright.PENANA6luK3SkUqa
是為非洲版過三關61Please respect copyright.PENANAZPMV7Tg5qa
詳情請參閱我對上一篇廢文
英國即時陷於兩難61Please respect copyright.PENANAbwZwYh3YsN
如果支持葡萄牙個先發現原則攞剛果河口嘅話61Please respect copyright.PENANA36lKgQMwuQ
佢就要同時承認“粉紅地圖”61Please respect copyright.PENANA7k4MYH1WLv
如果要保住佢盤過三關嘅話61Please respect copyright.PENANApPlx7uKOWi
佢就要接受俾斯麥嘅詭計兼背棄盟友61Please respect copyright.PENANArNKMeaN8Oo
兩害取其輕下英國佬決定叫葡萄牙吔自己61Please respect copyright.PENANA2tJRxKFkFj
轉向支持國際剛果協會61Please respect copyright.PENANAIyaDzX5KtV
利奧波德二世得到彌足珍貴嘅出海口61Please respect copyright.PENANAlbbshQTcW4
獲得完全嘅外交勝利61Please respect copyright.PENANAuoroRdiAbO
而俾斯麥為英法兩國所搭建嘅呢個非洲鬥獸場亦就此完成喇
因為柏林會議嘅分割61Please respect copyright.PENANA2ByVkVZ7Yh
剛果河北岸安哥拉嘅領土61Please respect copyright.PENANAxt5bRUwjnU
自始成為一塊飛地61Please respect copyright.PENANATu2OMPboFX往後章節都會提及吓非洲呢啲奇奇怪怪嘅劃界
跟住落嚟嘅會議就係與會各國之間嘅雙邊或者三邊談判61Please respect copyright.PENANAGajO9igKa3
基本上都係喺非洲有殖民地嗰啲國家就領土劃分上互相博弈61Please respect copyright.PENANAJXIbI480Nt
例如德國讓出東非桑吉巴蘇丹國嘅主導權畀英國嚟換取北海一個小島啦61Please respect copyright.PENANAlzrSGeeqxL
或者法國同意意大利佔領利比亞同非洲之角嘅厄立特里亞61Please respect copyright.PENANABfXvq3Kihl
以尋求意大利承認法國喺突尼西亞嘅主權啦61Please respect copyright.PENANAQJUuGsmdJb
又或者英國用北尼日利亞同法國交換紐芬蘭嘅捕魚權等等61Please respect copyright.PENANAbv3wrh5A2d
可能各位小朋友都對呢堆遙遠嘅名字感到陌生61Please respect copyright.PENANASD1c2ws5zN
冇錯61Please respect copyright.PENANArzBmNusAYH
唔只你地61Please respect copyright.PENANAgCJQJPgyTg
連當時啲遠在歐洲嘅王公貴冑都唔知嗰度有啲乜61Please respect copyright.PENANA477vWEF7zf
正如時任英國首相嘅梳士巴利爵士所言61Please respect copyright.PENANAgoptq33ZP5
「我地交換到嘅呢啲山脈、湖泊同土地,實際上係連我地都唔知喺邊」61Please respect copyright.PENANA0bb5jhs29B
事實上整個非洲就畀列強當成無主之地61Please respect copyright.PENANA4ChukVfmzU
直尺一度、大筆一揮就被肆意分割61Please respect copyright.PENANA5it9P2Pttu
分割出嚟嘅“籌碼”就被用作交換各色各樣同非洲相關或者唔相關嘅利益61Please respect copyright.PENANABBcLDnPo2v
至於啲世居喺呢片「未知國度」嘅黑鬼61Please respect copyright.PENANAvXHWggnpUA
佢地嘅利益理所當然就唔會被考慮啦61Please respect copyright.PENANAdXBXnl8gTM
伴隨住呢啲分割嘅61Please respect copyright.PENANA86vnmnM8uW
係非洲入面唔同部族喺千百年間自然演化出嚟嘅勢力範圍被重新劃分
呢啲歐洲人強加於非洲嘅疆界61Please respect copyright.PENANAEKMY4yvVps
往往會將敵對嘅部族劃埋一齊61Please respect copyright.PENANACAp57K7msD
又或者將同一個部族分開喺唔同嘅國家61Please respect copyright.PENANArI5rOyhCTM
咁好自然敵對嘅勢力會互相鬥爭61Please respect copyright.PENANASDaaEXjDJw
相同嘅部族又會試圖合併61Please respect copyright.PENANAkt6VLYdRbG
非洲人嘅命運巨輪自始悄然起動61Please respect copyright.PENANAu9T9aDUW0e
整個非洲將會成為一部特大號嘅絞肉機61Please respect copyright.PENANA3iuvK4JNc6
不過呢啲咁遙遠又咁長遠嘅事61Please respect copyright.PENANAPp1N5QpkVQ
對當時身處歐洲廟堂嘅諸公嚟講61Please respect copyright.PENANA5uKKlSV3AR
又點會理會同預料到呢
殖民時期前嘅部族勢力分界同現代非洲國界重叠圖
非洲喺二戰後各地武裝衝突地點示意圖
對比呢兩幅圖就可以睇到61Please respect copyright.PENANA1WMuKacXo2
呢啲無視當地土著勢力範圍嘅分割61Please respect copyright.PENANA40mto8Ssw7
就係往後非洲紛亂不堪最重要嘅起始因素喇61Please respect copyright.PENANA6S2GK8mTaZ
根據地域可以將呢啲衝突歸類為四個“重災區”61Please respect copyright.PENANApkqrPwfpqh
1)法國控制、穆斯林人口主導嘅北非地中海沿岸61Please respect copyright.PENANANh4AfZT300
2)北緯12度以南、撒哈拉同中非雨林之間嘅草原地帶
阿拉伯人稱之為“薩赫勒”61Please respect copyright.PENANAYKGwm7Xdfv
意思係“撒哈拉之海以南”61Please respect copyright.PENANAHRB6OAEF6l
視乎旱澇情況呢度既係北面穆斯林嘅放牧場又係南面土著王國嘅耕地61Please respect copyright.PENANA5mkNyb5I5y
自古以來就係兩邊人互相廝咬嘅源頭
3)中非剛果盆地同佢東邊嘅大湖區61Please respect copyright.PENANAVdHac7FCw9
4)礦產資源豐富、較為發達但係貧富極為懸殊嘅非洲南部61Please respect copyright.PENANA88Nrv9Mic4
基本上各自都有自身獨特嘅原因搞到今時今日咁嘅田地61Please respect copyright.PENANACx4fdsOQzI
呢啲會喺嚟緊嘅章節慢慢去講61Please respect copyright.PENANAGRevz828jY
不過我會講講佢地共同擁有嘅“歷史機遇”先61Please respect copyright.PENANAwQqBukSDnF
下一集《盛宴之後》再同大家吹過
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識睇嘅就梗係睇埋個尾啦61Please respect copyright.PENANAgdXLudn77D
話說柏林會議雖然為後世所唾罵61Please respect copyright.PENANAjU6z6nFFws
不過喺嗰時61Please respect copyright.PENANAf2SEb6020A
的確為各殖民宗主國提供咗一個文明解決潛在爭議嘅框架61Please respect copyright.PENANAccfUjKj5YN
俾斯麥憑藉佢靈活嘅外交手腕61Please respect copyright.PENANAsZSd0VuUHy
喺各國錯綜複雜嘅利益關係網中61Please respect copyright.PENANAUsvQ9kDsPS
一步步拆解分岐61Please respect copyright.PENANAqYITf7Ju11
最終搵到個大家都可以接受嘅方案61Please respect copyright.PENANAsl6J3QjCUX
唔使動輒就要打要殺61Please respect copyright.PENANAUagMUYraT6
目的都係為德國提供一個穩定嘅歐陸61Please respect copyright.PENANA93uvKSFWP2
以發展佢嘅經濟61Please respect copyright.PENANAJIdDwt8ldQ
德意志帝國有幸有呢位無雙國士61Please respect copyright.PENANAQXeAsf6RoO
可以話係有今生冇來世
之但係帝國呢種國體61Please respect copyright.PENANAPjgpwWKtYw
就註定有明君先可以有賢臣嘅61Please respect copyright.PENANA9n57jZXi7m
呢台由俾斯麥一人擔綱嘅獨腳戲61Please respect copyright.PENANAqSjF5XmnkG
終究有落幕嘅一日61Please respect copyright.PENANAqApcf6JwVY
當嗰位自信滿滿又衝動成性嘅少主登基時61Please respect copyright.PENANAM5Uc5SZWLU
俾斯麥嗰套遊走於各方矛盾嘅平衡61Please respect copyright.PENANA8CiNZmgcPr
就唔係好啱佢胃口喇61Please respect copyright.PENANAINWtwyqG7D
佢覺得戰戰兢兢咁踩鋼線實在太慢太悶61Please respect copyright.PENANAB3iGp5cHDl
不如痛痛快快咁玩跳火圈啦61Please respect copyright.PENANAy3ZuhgIFlW
1890年3月22號61Please respect copyright.PENANAxVTcwNSUDt
威廉二世以俾斯麥推行嘅反社會主義者法案過於激進為由61Please respect copyright.PENANAWj9tmt2cmr
迫令佢辭職61Please respect copyright.PENANAX0y1ZzCjA8
自此呢位德意志帝國嘅舵手就黯然落台61Please respect copyright.PENANAhhBlj3Gexx
威廉仔亦都開始周圍點火表演跳火圈喇
領航員落船
日耳曼尼亞同俾斯麥睇住兒皇帝玩火自焚
“俾斯麥體系”隨之而瓦解61Please respect copyright.PENANA6EE3SrCnHB
對列強嚟講61Please respect copyright.PENANAc3hLyh5G5t
德國再唔係穩定歐陸勢力嘅伙伴61Please respect copyright.PENANAlrZHCiQN7h
而係反覆無常嘅計時炸彈61Please respect copyright.PENANA78u3g9VN9g
漸漸合作變成對立、猜忌加劇矛盾61Please respect copyright.PENANANyQWZokFVD
最終走向大戰⋯⋯61Please respect copyright.PENANAYJRbf4dSiX
有時不禁會諗61Please respect copyright.PENANAzJ7IxbzwTL
最佳答案有時真係未必有最好結果㗎61Please respect copyright.PENANAGcWoIpP14t
如果1878年柏林會議時俾斯麥狠下決心撐俄國61Please respect copyright.PENANAd8JKyhFg0W
令世界大戰由威廉一世-俾斯麥-老毛奇呢個鐵三角應對61Please respect copyright.PENANACdHUcIFTGZ
歷史會唔會改寫呢?61Please respect copyright.PENANAD9twQGKX93
德意志帝國同沙俄會唔會繼續存在?61Please respect copyright.PENANAkV2sHStW5u共慘黨又會唔會被掃進棺材呢?61Please respect copyright.PENANAYUahKG2iy1
而嗰喺個平行宇宙嘅我61Please respect copyright.PENANAG9dEJl8nRa
又會點樣寫呢個故仔呢?
61Please respect copyright.PENANAMDtzN8oLRi
-完-
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