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通向東方嘅貿易路線就咁畀班異教徒壟斷咗81Please respect copyright.PENANAZPb75mhvUK
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買少見少之餘亦都水漲船高81Please respect copyright.PENANAu1ZhKsEFsX
其中畀人食水食得最甘嘅81Please respect copyright.PENANAIGDsjfQkkB
就係距離中東最遠歐洲最西邊嗰兩隻牙81Please respect copyright.PENANA2rpMhEWKhB
喺咁大嘅經濟誘因下81Please respect copyright.PENANAObC3V6Wa1h
呢對牙就踏上尋找繞過中東直奔遠東之路喇
首先傳嚟“好消息”嘅係西班牙81Please respect copyright.PENANA88t8N6hrjB
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斐迪南同伊莎貝拉嗰兩公婆梗係開心到癲啦81Please respect copyright.PENANA1jnGrB5TsS
西班牙國王斐迪南同王后伊莎貝拉接見哥倫布81Please respect copyright.PENANA7jaYh95Tnr
跟住葡萄牙亦傳嚟捷報81Please respect copyright.PENANAcTP7x80S8H
華士古·達伽馬喺1498年繞過非洲最南端嘅好望角到達印度嘅西岸81Please respect copyright.PENANAl0zreha3FN
從此葡萄牙就連上咗本身已經非常蓬勃嘅印度洋貿易網81Please respect copyright.PENANAAbn09DDL7z
開始大國崛起之路喇(好似係)
事情就梗係唔會咁一帆風順啦81Please respect copyright.PENANAY1EopBhcP1
意大利航海家亞美利哥·韋斯普奇喺1506年到達南美洲最南面嘅巴塔哥尼亞81Please respect copyright.PENANAEBrGhLmlOZ
證實咗哥倫布搵到嘅唔係亞洲而係全新嘅大陸81Please respect copyright.PENANADg0n6H1KWw
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咁既然唔係亞洲81Please respect copyright.PENANA34GTwbzBGU
自然就唔會有好似胡椒肉桂呢啲比黃金仲值錢嘅香料81Please respect copyright.PENANAKFgr4oaimW
好彩呢度啲生番唔知點解有好多黃金白銀81Please respect copyright.PENANAyqOZ2Rr1O1
唉唔理喇殺晒班生番攞晒啲黃金先再講啦81Please respect copyright.PENANAwEAOtFrsuU
就係咁喺槍炮同病毒嘅幫助下81Please respect copyright.PENANAOcfZPF5nUh
美洲三大帝國同佢地九成以上嘅國民就灰飛煙滅喇81Please respect copyright.PENANA75NRAO6VOc
不過當人又殺晒金又攞盡時81Please respect copyright.PENANABc0vrxkNmB
西班牙佬面對咁大撻殖民地81Please respect copyright.PENANAeJ2YPFyn1e
日常管理開墾探索全部都要人力財力81Please respect copyright.PENANAiQopkBXLqH
攞到咁多地反而成為咗負累81Please respect copyright.PENANAdtZvwa1u2o
第一代日不落帝國最頂盛時期版圖81Please respect copyright.PENANA7RAH2GkZiA
西班牙國王菲臘二世喺葡萄牙王位繼承戰贏咗81Please respect copyright.PENANAzOAjSTxb9w
吞埋葡萄牙啲殖民地(除咗澳門)
至於葡萄牙情況都唔好得幾多81Please respect copyright.PENANAxo2NwnRefL
雖然繞過鄂圖曼直接同東方交易81Please respect copyright.PENANAPJeCc5iarv
可以食少幾浸中間人抽水81Please respect copyright.PENANAYnrOXltGbj
不過來回里斯本至印度西岸果亞嘅航線長度81Please respect copyright.PENANATNABnjH8KN
同環繞赤道一周差唔多81Please respect copyright.PENANARoWKpS7fET
成個航程好彩嘅就一年鬆啲81Please respect copyright.PENANAWzzLyQLgPu
萬一有咩阻滯81Please respect copyright.PENANAFRLCGsJR9E
船隊趕唔切喺8月尾前趕到赤道81Please respect copyright.PENANAddP2pjQts0
食唔到最後嗰浸由東非吹向印度嘅季候風呢81Please respect copyright.PENANAipQyOcy4bo
就仆得街喇81Please respect copyright.PENANAs8y7xU0Qtk
成隊船要喺東非呆等半年81Please respect copyright.PENANAkAll7DPmGO
到下一年嘅春季起風先行得81Please respect copyright.PENANAahD7ZoWaIM
跟住去到印度又要等到冬天81Please respect copyright.PENANA0ln8uojALn
啲季候風先會轉向吹去東非81Please respect copyright.PENANA5YGjbcSPNy
前前後後成個航程會耽誤多足足一年81Please respect copyright.PENANAh6nuJa2gcI
而航程咁長咁耐真係咩事都可以發生81Please respect copyright.PENANASRKHsBh8ut
成程船又要驚風暴擱淺81Please respect copyright.PENANAwoFP8dUVU2
又要驚海盜、壞血病等等等等81Please respect copyright.PENANAb39YaRQi5B
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另外非洲沿岸設置大大小小上百個補給點同貿易站嘅防守維護開支81Please respect copyright.PENANA42yulO6tXe
加上佢個強鄰兼死敵西班牙又處處圍堵追擊81Please respect copyright.PENANAFaYbwZdTKS
呢啲嘢加加埋埋都幾係嘢81Please respect copyright.PENANAABsNy1qdtF
對葡萄牙呢個小國嚟講81Please respect copyright.PENANA9VJDzr11bP
印度洋貿易呢嚿肥豬肉81Please respect copyright.PENANARKsiVekEsO
就算食到都消化不良啦81Please respect copyright.PENANAZWetsKfuVa
15世紀葡萄牙喺非洲沿岸建立嘅貿易站81Please respect copyright.PENANAH9a1nE4e6c
成個印度洋嘅貿易航線完全取決於唔同時節嘅季候風向81Please respect copyright.PENANADeJp36r8DU
就咁睇呢種新興嘅殖民事業都幾惡搞81Please respect copyright.PENANAu9NHDprXG1
不過正所謂辦法總比困難多81Please respect copyright.PENANAgUg4fFBTGp
呢對歡喜冤家都不約而同望向同一個地方:81Please respect copyright.PENANAXOM84J7PCn
非洲
當初搞咁多嘢81Please respect copyright.PENANAw1XBSBLdfi
目的都係想得到香料茶葉甘蔗呢啲歐洲種唔到嘅農作物啫81Please respect copyright.PENANA6JdoHGGfpx
咁既然新大陸嘅氣候同東方咁接近81Please respect copyright.PENANAKYolSdieHp
話唔定可以攞嚟種番呢啲農產品㗎喎81Please respect copyright.PENANAFxhAtCVGLH
雖然成個美洲啲生番都死得八八九九冇晒勞動力81Please respect copyright.PENANActIe95FsTP
不過非洲啲黑鬼個個都大大隻隻咁81Please respect copyright.PENANA4ri1cqQauf
運啲過去美洲種嘢唔係就fit晒喇咩81Please respect copyright.PENANAMXv0KDnqQb
美洲有耕地81Please respect copyright.PENANASwhHJHhJOH
非洲有人力81Please respect copyright.PENANAAR7X7hl70g
而歐洲就有槍炮、需求同野心81Please respect copyright.PENANAxlWHe5NobK
就咁喺1525年歐洲人開始喺非洲捉啲黑鬼過美洲種嘢同開礦81Please respect copyright.PENANAE86W64isPz
然後將各類原材料運返去歐洲加工賺錢81Please respect copyright.PENANAExscNNAOso
再用啲錢嚟請人買武器去非洲捉更多嘅黑鬼81Please respect copyright.PENANAXF8MfOW4gR
西班牙同葡萄牙開始賺取佢地以往無法想像嘅錢81Please respect copyright.PENANA7Q1alj31YW
英國、法國、荷蘭、瑞典等等傳統同新興強國81Please respect copyright.PENANAdtRRCFiKoY
見到咁好賺就梗係叉隻腳埋嚟啦81Please respect copyright.PENANAsjvjaUElSq
隨住呢種名為“三角貿易”嘅經濟模式盛行81Please respect copyright.PENANANfaSuJ1Euk
各國加速佔據非洲沿岸嘅各個河口海灣81Please respect copyright.PENANAZMyI0bKEEL
務求搶奪更多嘅黑奴81Please respect copyright.PENANAIxIs87pl03
由此激發各國投入人力物力81Please respect copyright.PENANAkGLojffV32
研究更先進更精密嘅航海儀器81Please respect copyright.PENANATBOzVvkCUt
製造更多更大更快武裝更強嘅船81Please respect copyright.PENANA8xf3Y4EZ7C
西方科技自始得到長足嘅發展81Please respect copyright.PENANA71QSNoPmgx
天文學、機械工程、物流、金融等等等等81Please respect copyright.PENANAKdnZD9eGSc
如果文藝復興係人類脫離愚昧嘅開端嘅話81Please respect copyright.PENANA0HoX2ykl8Y
咁壯闊波瀾嘅“大航海時代”就係現代文明嘅奠基石喇
三角貿易81Please respect copyright.PENANAHlE96j8E4i
250年間有超過兩千萬黑鬼運咗去美洲81Please respect copyright.PENANA81qmQDp2SU為日後BLM埋下伏線
睇到呢度81Please respect copyright.PENANAfuuJlG29yq
相信各位聰明嘅小朋友都會有個疑問:81Please respect copyright.PENANAi2VAImz43S
乜非洲冇地畀佢地種嘢咩?81Please respect copyright.PENANAnmvwsaCadZ
做乜嗰時啲歐洲佬咁撚笨柒81Please respect copyright.PENANATh3IlrAJpT
要山長水遠由非洲運啲黑鬼過美洲呀81Please respect copyright.PENANAG8pt8BjHUs
呢樣正正就係今集要講嘅嘢81Please respect copyright.PENANAsCKyFCkap7
歷史係由一連串唔相關嘅偶然所組成81Please respect copyright.PENANAVKOUwd0sfn
而家就講講喺17世紀一場教宗選舉81Please respect copyright.PENANAuqYXcSJn7b
同一個喺南美安第斯山脈雨林嘅科學發現81Please respect copyright.PENANAKDHchI6wUe
係點樣喺非洲引發一場持續百年嘅風暴
1623年7月8號教宗額我略十五世病逝享年69歲81Please respect copyright.PENANAQF613eOl6m
哦唔緊要咁咪選過個囉81Please respect copyright.PENANANAw6YuZyxj
於是由54個樞機組成嘅樞機團81Please respect copyright.PENANAwvjTHy16Gz
喺7月16號舉行教宗選舉秘密會議81Please respect copyright.PENANAnn3UqnYbMy
準備選出新教宗喇81Please respect copyright.PENANAScRCbzjYFW
大公教樞機團選老坐示意圖81Please respect copyright.PENANAdJnLraoTFt
自16世紀起81Please respect copyright.PENANAqvIX8nm7Mh
呢個小圈子選舉81Please respect copyright.PENANA6JsGHRYDYj
就畀波旁同哈布斯堡呢兩個大公教勢力操控81Please respect copyright.PENANAHROuOqZGV0
啲樞機會根據自己家族嘅利益81Please respect copyright.PENANAZ3qwR9hOJk
大致分為親法國同親西班牙兩大陣營81Please respect copyright.PENANALfcTKV6r1v
每次選辦事人時都會拗得面紅耳赤81Please respect copyright.PENANAx1L2q338IJ
有時仲會大打出手81Please respect copyright.PENANAaXz24JvUiz
好似1605年3月嗰次81Please respect copyright.PENANAlxCmbCLTkP
就有個樞機開會時畀人開拖打斷咗幾條骨81Please respect copyright.PENANAFvjsiJS9Dr
今次個競爭一樣係咁激烈81Please respect copyright.PENANADRfQPmgPSq
不過呢個唔係今集重點81Please respect copyright.PENANA5WUgM5b2RJ
所以就唔花太多篇幅去講喇81Please respect copyright.PENANAdG8SBmSBh2
我直接講個結果:81Please respect copyright.PENANAQwwooXl12A
半死嘅馬費奧·巴貝里尼當選為第235任教宗81Please respect copyright.PENANAyBzy6vglsh
法號伍朋八世81Please respect copyright.PENANAzZ8kjQ6KpV
而成場選舉最後死咗8個樞機同30個神職人員81Please respect copyright.PENANAqdb9fKpCCO
…81Please respect copyright.PENANAYMZ1gX9Jrv
..81Please respect copyright.PENANASmexoNm5nP
.81Please respect copyright.PENANAcHpF7rHPXb
開個會啫唔使死吓嘛???81Please respect copyright.PENANAIKSQM3jSjY
咩事搞到咁大壇呀?
伍朋八世
班老嘢就梗係唔係玩往死裏打咁激動啦81Please respect copyright.PENANANQqTSI5v4G
佢地其實係病死嘅81Please respect copyright.PENANAmfmHRGeePC
喺呢度要教大家一個中世紀意大利名詞
"Mal'Aria"
直譯就係"bad air""腐敗嘅空氣"81Please respect copyright.PENANAkqkhNrHfvY
即係現代所講嘅"瘧疾(Malaria)"喇81Please respect copyright.PENANAvwnhyw8Bkn
舊時啲人唔知瘧疾係由蚊傳播81Please respect copyright.PENANAJPHVNUvKAx
佢地只係知每當天氣熱時81Please respect copyright.PENANABMbF01gLfD
沼澤腐爛動植物嘅氣味81Please respect copyright.PENANARekCew8r4d
係會令人發燒同病死81Please respect copyright.PENANAqAJI4E3gMj
呢個就係"Malaria"呢個字嘅由來喇
中國古籍記載喺嶺南雲貴川地區嘅"瘴氣"其實都係指瘧疾81Please respect copyright.PENANAJtVa92x0mO
呢個係唔同文化嘅人觀察自然現象有共通之處嘅其中一個例子
自古羅馬帝國喺布匿戰爭消滅北非嘅迦太基後81Please respect copyright.PENANAAv2Lilwe8E
羅馬士兵就將迦太基城入面嘅金銀財寶男女戰俘81Please respect copyright.PENANAIyP4jroWGN
以及戰俘身體入面嘅瘧疾病原體81Please respect copyright.PENANAkouEMuuGCp
帶返去羅馬本土喇81Please respect copyright.PENANAN5VrNpxqOQ
羅馬城本身係建築喺台伯河嘅沼澤地帶81Please respect copyright.PENANAp3Vi9WNwiO
帶有瘧疾嘅蚊正好喺呢啲地方大量繁殖81Please respect copyright.PENANAiObMyZslSB
再經羅馬帝國發達嘅公路網傳遍歐洲各地81Please respect copyright.PENANAn477tRDGiY
自此瘧疾就好似迦太基亡靈施加喺羅馬嘅詛咒一樣81Please respect copyright.PENANAZ2jxN9oIMQ
每年夏天炎熱潮濕時81Please respect copyright.PENANAfEkNkX8EI6
呢個持續上千年嘅詛咒都會出嚟索命81Please respect copyright.PENANAnuNVRTyIFe
額我略十五世唔遲唔早81Please respect copyright.PENANAeraiYtd1FX
啱啱好就喺羅馬城最熱最潮濕嘅季節釘蓋81Please respect copyright.PENANAW1QIUZdTKB
今次算班樞機唔好彩喇81Please respect copyright.PENANA37HPeHtqWO
同樣中招病到半死嘅伍朋八世81Please respect copyright.PENANAazfpXgo0FX
見到咁多同佢一樣本身位高權重嘅樞機蒙主寵召81Please respect copyright.PENANAlNaAxN8sad
梗係嚇到鼻哥窿都冇肉啦81Please respect copyright.PENANA16OFtamSDO
佢下令要根治呢種沼澤毒氣所引發嘅疾病81Please respect copyright.PENANA83FCn3K516
咁嗰時計呢隻嘢都已經成千年歷史81Please respect copyright.PENANA4QlGTmwVAc
當然唔會係阿教宗話要根治就根治到啦81Please respect copyright.PENANAWYqBHii0Zu
中世紀時啲醫生醫瘧疾81Please respect copyright.PENANA2oe50Y3cYU
都係用好似放血呀截肢呀呢啲聽落似酷刑多啲嘅方法81Please respect copyright.PENANAk8ACmlnW9M
真係唔醫好過醫81Please respect copyright.PENANAH1k6z5mvKW
不過喺呢個大航海時代81Please respect copyright.PENANAOlPtLlRrSF
的確提供咗更多更好嘅可能性畀佢81Please respect copyright.PENANA74ylNW4T11
16世紀起81Please respect copyright.PENANAABWgKv6k0P
耶穌會嘅傳教士跟隨住西班牙同葡萄牙嘅艦隊81Please respect copyright.PENANAXpn1cfRR2x
去到美洲﹑非洲以至亞洲81Please respect copyright.PENANAzdDzueOdTL
大量教廷嘅爪牙深入各地擴張教廷嘅影響力傳播上帝嘅愛81Please respect copyright.PENANABcEk2IubVQ
呢啲傳教士並唔係普通嘅人81Please respect copyright.PENANAgLNikl9gi4
嗰時嘅神學同而家嘅醫科﹑精算一樣81Please respect copyright.PENANAXNs00xpM8z
都係最炙手可熱嘅科目81Please respect copyright.PENANAtkOPxyM1q4
讀得嘅都係社會上最精英嗰批人材81Please respect copyright.PENANAekLaFawmxH
派得出去傳教嘅更加係精英中嘅精英81Please respect copyright.PENANA1EuV2ItScN
呢啲咁聰明嘅腦袋去到世界唔同嘅角落81Please respect copyright.PENANAgBFaDJrf9e
當然就唔會甘於淨係傳教咁簡單啦81Please respect copyright.PENANAKRRosMs8iY
佢地藉呢個機會研究唔同地方嘅風土人情81Please respect copyright.PENANAVmnFnYLja5
地理﹑生物學﹑語言學﹑醫藥....81Please respect copyright.PENANAvHkXX3wG5E
西方嘅眼界再唔局限喺歐亞大陸81Please respect copyright.PENANAbH74yfnNc5
喺呢個地理大發現時代81Please respect copyright.PENANA50u6IZnMeZ
呢啲耶撚的確佔咗一個相當重要嘅位置81Please respect copyright.PENANAqhUSkt4BVa
呢個故事嘅主要成份81Please respect copyright.PENANA5zHYYZ4n0G
就係由呢班耶撚所發現㗎喇
間返返去十七世紀初81Please respect copyright.PENANA00O5xmaapA
地點係秘魯總督區嘅首府利馬81Please respect copyright.PENANAqGfZrlMrcN
自1535年西班牙佬征服呢度嘅印加人後81Please respect copyright.PENANAU1eysEyw2K
呢塊位處於安第斯山脈同太平洋之間嘅沃土81Please respect copyright.PENANASiqRhG00jT
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就成為秘魯總督區最值錢嘅商品喇
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西非各國
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不過如果冇事冇幹純粹食嚟預防中招嘅話呢?81Please respect copyright.PENANAtapSjSUcr7
就唔同咁講喇81Please respect copyright.PENANA9HxbewY40h
要班盲字都唔識多隻嘅大兵81Please respect copyright.PENANAkBnN5jKHc3
每日食啲苦到可以當催吐劑嘅藥粉81Please respect copyright.PENANAwUp1jNg2Xs
去“預防”一種佢地未經歷過嘅疾病81Please respect copyright.PENANA5cXLHEhZCC
服從性有幾高可想而知81Please respect copyright.PENANAFOSE3Zhwdm
雖然中咗瘧疾都會有藥醫81Please respect copyright.PENANAsCWbFiU8Bf
不過成個殖民地枕住有一堆士兵臥病在床嘅話81Please respect copyright.PENANAJ0Oc3UW00Z
咁對本身已經好甘嘅殖民地維護開支嚟講81Please respect copyright.PENANAYkO6r544qD
無疑係甘上加甘81Please respect copyright.PENANA3xHeRcDWoT
要知道各國喺瘧疾預防上可謂大灑金錢81Please respect copyright.PENANAOz7gZd9sCa
例如英國每年就使咗超過£60,00081Please respect copyright.PENANAuPfV6GGtsb
即係折合現時大概七千幾萬港紙喺預防性奎寧配給度81Please respect copyright.PENANAyC7D64vEux
錢就使咗效果又冇81Please respect copyright.PENANAA3KEwBgklS
咁點搞?81Please respect copyright.PENANARq4GZNnrH9
“嗚...條女冇咗lu...”81Please respect copyright.PENANAaEor65XznN
法國“勸喻”殖民地士兵每日服用奎寧嘅海報
英國人喺印度搵到答案81Please respect copyright.PENANAeFR2H8rjMA
作為糖嘅發源地81Please respect copyright.PENANAjEWJSvASCN
印度人用糖嘅程度超乎常人想像81Please respect copyright.PENANAdpTI7LBux1
(食過印度甜品都會知點解)
喺1850年左右81Please respect copyright.PENANAQFj1oBqh4Q
英國東印度公司駐孟買嘅軍官81Please respect copyright.PENANA0jaLuX3Knu
開始流行一種服用奎寧嘅方法:81Please respect copyright.PENANA8RIK3Av4HQ
佢地將每日配給到嘅奎寧81Please respect copyright.PENANAST1Hhm8yWp
溶入高濃度糖水81Please respect copyright.PENANAm9KSR5LBgf
再加啲檸檬汁同檸檬皮81Please respect copyright.PENANA7QPmJhWPrt
製成風味獨特嘅奎寧糖漿81Please respect copyright.PENANAT9unVlRJnh
將呢啲糖漿稀釋成合適嘅甜度81Please respect copyright.PENANABrkhoK3Fsu
就成為現今湯力水(Tonic water)嘅雛形喇81Please respect copyright.PENANAmqPZZKWJrs
啲軍官再進一步81Please respect copyright.PENANAcSWkHhtt8M
用呢啲湯力水勾兌當時平到可以當水飲嘅氈酒81Please respect copyright.PENANALqgZ1fdIc0
一款苦中帶甜、清新爽口嘅雞尾酒就誕生喇
81Please respect copyright.PENANA0DaZeew3O8
用氈酒嚟溝湯力水可以話係神來之筆81Please respect copyright.PENANAJX9PhOc0Bx
法國人曾經試過用紅酒81Please respect copyright.PENANA5s8HXIJ0tq
不過溝出嚟嘅味道好怪81Please respect copyright.PENANAeIDwAhC2Yh
只係似加咗糖而帶強烈苦澀味嘅藥水81Please respect copyright.PENANAfQmt5Dr3g3
味道完全唔融和81Please respect copyright.PENANALPMdIyyz01
而平價嘅氈酒出奇地掩蓋到奎寧嘅苦味81Please respect copyright.PENANAfVKLo2F7wJ
後來研究發現81Please respect copyright.PENANAb0cbJ8Thqb
原來係氈酒入面杜松子嘅成份81Please respect copyright.PENANAxgpENCtevL
同奎寧結合成聚合體81Please respect copyright.PENANAzCBuSV2zqn
大幅改變奎寧嘅味道81Please respect copyright.PENANAFm0bKdAKGP
呢個偶然嘅發現81Please respect copyright.PENANAHYjWyVZRiO
都可以當做呢篇非洲血淚史嘅一個小小嘅註腳嘅
呢款充滿異國風情、被稱為“Gin & Tonic”嘅雞尾酒即時大受歡迎81Please respect copyright.PENANAn3Yod9Eu1s
佢嘅配方通過水手同退役歸國嘅官兵81Please respect copyright.PENANA8GPjoA7FOA
傳遍各殖民地以至歐陸各國嘅酒吧81Please respect copyright.PENANAspwdy7OlSp
一時間奎寧就由難以下嚥嘅苦藥81Please respect copyright.PENANA8dgxFEcr4a
變成社交場合必備嘅飲品81Please respect copyright.PENANAKfR69dUYYw
湯力水受歡迎嘅程度81Please respect copyright.PENANA6nFaBKneX7
甚至開始有公司改良同製作商業產品81Please respect copyright.PENANA2RL9b3f5Y3
好似發明樽裝梳打水嘅Schweppes(玉泉)81Please respect copyright.PENANAIa64HX7qLD
就喺1870年將奎寧糖漿加入樽裝梳打水81Please respect copyright.PENANAmArJjRI4DD
成為方便攜帶飲用嘅有汽湯力水81Please respect copyright.PENANA9Y1j3f9EOh
唔同時期嘅Schweppes湯力水樽
奎寧的確拯救咗好多英國以至歐洲人嘅命81Please respect copyright.PENANAl6zNxzDO75
例如喺1875年81Please respect copyright.PENANATrWOgFPxnR
英軍喺塞拉利昂嘅死亡率81Please respect copyright.PENANAiMHuNWh7KH
已經跌到去1.5%81Please respect copyright.PENANAGKVhNXKtZp
不過正所謂每個銀仔都有兩面81Please respect copyright.PENANAiJgsBIdGfj
下集會講吓81Please respect copyright.PENANAroMNI33N7j
呢隻邱吉爾口中所講救人無數嘅聖藥81Please respect copyright.PENANANMfejLqbC2
係點樣改寫無數非洲人嘅命運81Please respect copyright.PENANAhcCEPM779881Please respect copyright.PENANAncR03Alo6T