
好喇而家就講埋俾斯麥點解要開切餅大會97Please respect copyright.PENANAohz82MxboS
正如上面所講97Please respect copyright.PENANAMTGK2fKx34
德國統一初期佢對海外擴張都係相當抗拒97Please respect copyright.PENANAQsE6FoQ9dV
原因之一係繼承自普魯士嘅帝國海軍97Please respect copyright.PENANAfkTmGw6w1w
規模實在太細97Please respect copyright.PENANAofwzcPssr8
根本支撐唔到龐大嘅殖民地發展97Please respect copyright.PENANAtfwy1C0V5B
就咁其實德國唔係冇能力發展遠洋艦隊97Please respect copyright.PENANAaSiQw8Q0LZ
相反德國船廠嘅技術喺當時係首屈一指97Please respect copyright.PENANA1rpjrNxhcP
號稱遠東最強戰艦嘅定遠號同鎮遠號97Please respect copyright.PENANALtNFPrAvHo
就係由普魯士嘅船廠製造㗎喇97Please respect copyright.PENANAzp9g4jup7v
個海軍咁鵪鶉嘅原因97Please respect copyright.PENANA1Jek0p7qDW
純粹係國策使然啫
定遠號同鎮遠號喺德國港口付運時情況
俾斯麥刻意壓抑海軍發展97Please respect copyright.PENANAFLaI86oIdp
原因係避免同其他列強直接競爭97Please respect copyright.PENANAlxYo5DNNCa
例如喺1867年尾97Please respect copyright.PENANAHkuEwQuybt
北德意志邦聯海軍司令繞過俾斯麥97Please respect copyright.PENANAecgVeXQnMV
直接同中美洲哥斯達黎加協議設立軍港97Please respect copyright.PENANAuGxQGVIpZP
當俾斯麥知道時即時叫停97Please respect copyright.PENANAouWCR8UvhT
原因就係因為佢驚得罪美國97Please respect copyright.PENANAz5wbyeNqH2
(門羅主義下嘅美國對歐洲國家介入美洲事務相當反感)97Please respect copyright.PENANAq79saTT8Fw
對一個距離咁遠嘅強國都咁忌憚97Please respect copyright.PENANATqloZcOkCt
何況英國、法國呢啲傳統海軍強國97Please respect copyright.PENANA9EnH3WJhnD
以德國個地理位置97Please respect copyright.PENANAZ7vQ3Uwl83
發展遠洋艦隊97Please respect copyright.PENANAAJd0fUOkQK
根本係浪費寶貴嘅國家資源97Please respect copyright.PENANA1UgrnPattC
冇強大嘅海軍97Please respect copyright.PENANAaXEbNumwns
殖民主義又從何談起呢?
以一個明瞭發展強大海軍弊端嘅歷史偉人97Please respect copyright.PENANAOqwdwdkKuZ
嚟命名一艘帝國最強大嘅戰艦97Please respect copyright.PENANAVRGsh8Hdex
總係有種開緊歷史玩笑嘅味道⋯⋯
不過官方嘅立場並唔影響民間對海外擴張嘅嚮往97Please respect copyright.PENANAsAWIkkErfR
喺1860年代中期開始97Please respect copyright.PENANA6hhJzXCcGT
尤其係探索剛果盆地成功後97Please respect copyright.PENANAZjvUqbATL6
各國包括德國嘅民間都充斥住對探險嘅熱情97Please respect copyright.PENANAIRO6g9lMK3
形形色色嘅企業同地理學會都紛紛組團97Please respect copyright.PENANA3YZkfyR6jv
諗住入去分一杯羹97Please respect copyright.PENANArlWOnwk4nN
傳統殖民強國好似英法兩國97Please respect copyright.PENANAryaepd7Ofl
同埋某個博晒老命搵殖民地嘅豆腐膶低地國97Please respect copyright.PENANAZ0cEkyzDVG
因為有國家機器加持97Please respect copyright.PENANArHQpqEZMI6
啲探險隊當然就如魚得水啦97Please respect copyright.PENANAJhB21gzkkB
但係德國嗰啲就陰公喇97Please respect copyright.PENANAKshiocX7Vy
喺1868年俾斯麥寫畀佢老友戰爭部長羅恩伯爵嘅信中97Please respect copyright.PENANAIoKOCd7tbx
佢表明唔會用納稅人嘅錢支持呢啲同國策相違背嘅私人企業活動97Please respect copyright.PENANAHXGRPh5gvq
就係咁啲企業就算探到險簽到合作協議都好97Please respect copyright.PENANAybQvGgx1O6
到最後返到德國都會畀俾斯麥拒之門外白忙一場97Please respect copyright.PENANAhu6oW5c3Ad
攞唔到國家資助自然就發展唔到啦97Please respect copyright.PENANAW7uKK1tKVL
不過情況好快就會有改變⋯⋯
1878年柏林會議後97Please respect copyright.PENANAd2oxftBHMz
巴爾幹局勢暫時穩定落嚟97Please respect copyright.PENANAzDGOciKONd
而德奧意三國同盟97Please respect copyright.PENANAGNiQZg2rht
以及三帝同盟續期97Please respect copyright.PENANAET0jghkkvP
為嗰個時代嘅歐洲確立咗一個和平嘅基礎97Please respect copyright.PENANAfwJvWMLj2I
至少係表面上啦97Please respect copyright.PENANAnxAYxW9aM7
俾斯麥終於保得住德國個後欄97Please respect copyright.PENANAlvGefINrzY
可以專心應付嚟自法國嘅敵意喇97Please respect copyright.PENANAoI8ST4mlFE
另一方面97Please respect copyright.PENANAmnJwkRgHrt
英法喺會上嘅枱底交易97Please respect copyright.PENANA9xOeeap4ax
似乎都預視咗嚟緊嘅外交角力焦點97Please respect copyright.PENANAU1uh5fSXjP
將會由歐陸轉移到各殖民地事務上97Please respect copyright.PENANAkeY1XIs4vL
同巴爾幹動輒牽扯上幾百年嘅國仇家恨唔同97Please respect copyright.PENANADcjrUx0Vr0
呢啲殖民地爭議97Please respect copyright.PENANAbh7fPDHq3k
本質上純粹係基於經濟利益嘅啫97Please respect copyright.PENANAUnr0Q1Lnyd
德國要參與其中97Please respect copyright.PENANAm5kLZNmanM
從而繼續喺外交上孤立法國同分散佢對歐陸嘅注意力嘅話97Please respect copyright.PENANA60vgxiHGmK
就唔可以好似今次咁只係做個Honest Broker就夠97Please respect copyright.PENANA9RdMQ4FDde
佢一定要有啲籌碼喺手97Please respect copyright.PENANAuB3d4wZgWr
先可以埋枱玩97Please respect copyright.PENANA7UQjuyTaDb
咁代表俾斯麥要做樣佢唔係好想做嘅嘢──海外擴張97Please respect copyright.PENANAkpisDEGQP9
喺1880年尾開始97Please respect copyright.PENANAuoDjNuAr8j
之前食飽閉門羹嘅企業同機構97Please respect copyright.PENANAgORVDp02II
陸續獲得俾斯麥接見97Please respect copyright.PENANApT6ewkR2vT
並且陸續獲批殖民地嘅特許狀97Please respect copyright.PENANACPPTmE9irg
1884年4月-德屬西南非洲(納米比亞);7月-西非嘅多哥蘭同喀麥隆;97Please respect copyright.PENANAS20i561KKT
1885年2月-德屬東非(坦桑尼亞);4月-肯雅97Please respect copyright.PENANAq9230Gtms2
加埋幾個喺南太平洋嘅群島仔97Please respect copyright.PENANAmqf7TpXGcA
於是德國喺一年間97Please respect copyright.PENANA1H4tqqHgIT
就由冇到有咁建立起僅次於英法兩國、全球第三大嘅殖民帝國喇
德國喺非洲嘅殖民地
俾斯麥為日爾曼尼亞着起名為殖民主義嘅新裝
睇落好似好威威咁97Please respect copyright.PENANAcR3U5e2O13
不過呢啲殖民地其實都係掛個名係德國旗下嘅啫97Please respect copyright.PENANAn3vOY9sOmc
因為俾斯麥根本唔想使太多錢喺呢度97Please respect copyright.PENANA25hJrsoeFC
呢一紙特許狀純粹係畀呢啲殖民地公司專營權97Please respect copyright.PENANAgreEOEvoyp
同喺“必要”時提供軍事援助啫97Please respect copyright.PENANA9aDJDSVPW5
咩探索呀開發呀治安呀嗰啲麻煩就閣下自理喇97Please respect copyright.PENANAurJIzedHef
呢個由私人公司主導嘅殖民模式係註定失敗嘅97Please respect copyright.PENANALvNci4RKoK
皆因冇國家機器直接統籌嘅話97Please respect copyright.PENANAHU78Qj6dW3
民間機構係冇可能處理到殖民地入面嘅諸多事務97Please respect copyright.PENANAVnNTJ8qoC6
強如英國東印度公司呢間有國家支援嘅百年老店97Please respect copyright.PENANAr8x2N1aK2Q
最後都要衰喺一場全國暴動上97Please respect copyright.PENANA0bqvOkHqv6
要政府接管執手尾
由牛油同豬油引發嘅1857年印度兵變
咁你會問明知死路一條點解俾斯麥都仲要行嘅97Please respect copyright.PENANAJglPnKHtv8
首先要搞清楚死嘅唔係俾斯麥唔係德國97Please respect copyright.PENANAVE3efQch2Q
而係啲私人企業97Please respect copyright.PENANA7Ur8XqxdEo
畢竟呢啲殖民地開發不嬲都係高風險㗎啦97Please respect copyright.PENANA1axT482qt0
佢地死冇人會覺得出奇97Please respect copyright.PENANAWy3x7Z9bsi
更重要嘅係俾斯麥本身就唔想發得太大97Please respect copyright.PENANAsugYhz75iy
佢要嘅效果97Please respect copyright.PENANAf382Ow56Rj
就係用最低成本97Please respect copyright.PENANAT0iJV5FQI2
令德國喺短時間內97Please respect copyright.PENANA5KEzDHd7Ow
獲取足夠多嘅殖民地97Please respect copyright.PENANATlVWNKH4Yo
等佢可以喺嚟緊英法之間嘅殖民地爭議中善價而沽97Please respect copyright.PENANAazt0l0iYHo
德國作為老三要做嘅97Please respect copyright.PENANAXIV0Sn3FxE
就係平衡阿大同老二嘅勢力97Please respect copyright.PENANADZCREuzNol
等佢地喺下面慢慢耗97Please respect copyright.PENANAwkhyP0DnLa
自己喺歐陸先會安穩97Please respect copyright.PENANAu20KmUE4wp
呢樣就係俾斯麥點解喺1880年代無啦啦搞殖民主義最底層嘅原因喇
好喇籌碼就喺手喇97Please respect copyright.PENANAOB421naIug
而家就爭咁張賭枱97Please respect copyright.PENANArWqBNnV1XV
俾斯麥需要一個好似上次柏林會議咁嘅外交場合97Please respect copyright.PENANAlKXIYhk3y7
等佢可以遊走於英法嘅殖民地鬥爭之中97Please respect copyright.PENANASUzvCeu6AI
咁啱法國同比利時喺剛果河流域歸屬問題上嘅爭議97Please respect copyright.PENANAn2paWucLu4
有越演越烈嘅趨勢97Please respect copyright.PENANAcLgH6N8z6O
而本來已經衰落到冇人理嘅葡萄牙97Please respect copyright.PENANA5dBXmWMMYE
又突然喺櫳底摷咗份鹹鹹臭臭嘅條約出嚟97Please respect copyright.PENANAj5MBE2ssl2
話早喺15世紀已經同當地嘅剛果王國簽訂協議97Please respect copyright.PENANA04zVCt9efS
可以自由使用剛果河口南岸嘅一大片土地97Please respect copyright.PENANApoSbOgku1j
(即現今安哥拉,詳情請參閱第二集)97Please respect copyright.PENANAoVFpKVQlGs
要佢大佬英國撑佢維護當地嘅領土完整97Please respect copyright.PENANAOPH4aMAMgl
忽然間剛果河就成為四國爭拗嘅熱點97Please respect copyright.PENANAZ3bpdp90mw
俾斯麥心諗喂掂呀屌你97Please respect copyright.PENANATKfy24uoWA
於是建議大家過嚟柏林開個會斟斟97Please respect copyright.PENANAn4Xe9jRkoL
各國見上次柏林會議搞得幾靚仔吓97Please respect copyright.PENANAmrQBzKdZos
都紛紛嚮應97Please respect copyright.PENANAROAaeOWFvk
最終1884年11月15號喺俾斯麥嘅官邸97Please respect copyright.PENANATQxRZpwt2G
齊集除咗瑞士同啲鹹豆咁細嘅鼻屎國外全部歐洲國家97Please respect copyright.PENANACVCEq6llKk
再加上美國同鄂圖曼總共14個國家同組織97Please respect copyright.PENANAK1eCHj1bDx
(比利時係以國際剛果協會而唔係國家名義參加)97Please respect copyright.PENANAQKmW8cQuU2
參與呢個惡名昭彰、後世駡不絕口嘅柏林剛果會議喇
其實呢個會喺外交上唔算好高級別97Please respect copyright.PENANA13N2sA1YWz
嗰時冇飛機97Please respect copyright.PENANAD30rlR9G7m
要一國首腦掉低本國事務山長水遠去一個地方開個會97Please respect copyright.PENANAPYpJZX16iI
必定係關乎到國運嘅大事97Please respect copyright.PENANA0ye4sGsBFW
好似上次柏林會議97Please respect copyright.PENANAaBjK8IKJd5
與會嘅全部唔係外長就係首相本人97Please respect copyright.PENANAY5mjeZNJDo
相反今次嚟開會嘅97Please respect copyright.PENANAIAf836tIrm
都係各國駐柏林大使97Please respect copyright.PENANAlYH5khOHwA
亦因為咁佢地係做唔到重大決定嘅97Please respect copyright.PENANAwLaiXiKt2I
每當要決定某啲事務時97Please respect copyright.PENANAncRgw9OiRe
啲大使都要聯絡本國外長甚至元首97Please respect copyright.PENANAGFNTd2Vio4
所以個會都拖到幾長吓97Please respect copyright.PENANAtRAfY3H2BW
計埋聖誕同新年放咗幾日假97Please respect copyright.PENANAciuqX3VJUs
總共開咗104日97Please respect copyright.PENANAf0k0gpb2XS
到第二年嘅2月26號先完結97Please respect copyright.PENANAI3tstG23RP
(對比1878年嗰次就啱啱好開咗一個月)97Please respect copyright.PENANAw7f1mwqryH
咁從側面反映97Please respect copyright.PENANAq6i87UJnxK
喺嗰時對各國嚟講97Please respect copyright.PENANArxuB0O4EXo
殖民地政策所佔嘅比重其實唔算好大97Please respect copyright.PENANAXvkRHVUTnZ
不過好快就會有改變
呢個會主要解決嘅問題有:97Please respect copyright.PENANAKRMlzWni9G
1)剛果盆地歸屬97Please respect copyright.PENANAwQvOdiosO3
2)兩大水系(尼日河同剛果河)航權97Please respect copyright.PENANAd1dv2Q2h40
3)何謂“有效佔據”97Please respect copyright.PENANAyK44ptPzaD
關於第一個問題97Please respect copyright.PENANAKDSu5uto3d
喺我對上一篇《由比利時嘅斷掌朱古力講起》都有約略講過吓97Please respect copyright.PENANAcoWIUNXUpV
我就唔係呢度重覆喇97Please respect copyright.PENANAP61Na7Uq3K
簡單重溫吓97Please respect copyright.PENANAO46fPHvzoF
當時各國已經知道97Please respect copyright.PENANAZA5Cl4AeUe
利奧波德二世呢個掛住人道主義者面具嘅豺狼97Please respect copyright.PENANAuT9MD1XaAU
背後嘅陰謀㗎喇97Please respect copyright.PENANANS51IPt9S7
不過基於勢力平衡關係97Please respect copyright.PENANAvFtnjV2JpI
畀中立國比利時控制中非呢一大片土地97Please respect copyright.PENANAZAqVjrDeT3
對各國都有好處97Please respect copyright.PENANA2Mtx4dpnvt
而法國喺剛果河北岸呢一輪大動作97Please respect copyright.PENANAIwzz9mvhrl
目的都只係警示利奧波德二世唔好諗住踩過界啫97Please respect copyright.PENANAs9Z5uJ6ucs
並唔係真係想爭晒成個剛果97Please respect copyright.PENANAaoZR7KMoQc
所以與會各國一致贊成由國際剛果協會管理剛果河南岸97Please respect copyright.PENANAojNz2Iy1BJ
而北岸就歸法國所有97Please respect copyright.PENANA942ooCeThR
就係咁97Please respect copyright.PENANAgnj3XryzPU
剛果自由邦成為咗利奧波德二世苦心經營下嘅外交奇蹟喇
剛果自由邦北面疆界基本上就係剛果河
OK搞掂一樣會議繼續⋯⋯97Please respect copyright.PENANAZNjsPAVI8M
…咪住主席有樣嘢要搞清楚先97Please respect copyright.PENANAqGzzBDNDbJ
剛果盆地歸國際剛果協會我冇異議97Please respect copyright.PENANAJK6wjg1tOL
不過剛果河口個主權就唔同咁講喇97Please respect copyright.PENANAv5znCH9W1G
嗱呢份係我國喺1491年同剛果國王約翰一世所簽訂嘅合作協議97Please respect copyright.PENANABMxLbYp4jt
訂明我國可以自由使用整個剛果河口⋯⋯97Please respect copyright.PENANA87RqHytMA1
等等葡萄牙代表你收番張梅菜坐番低先97Please respect copyright.PENANA1DQTRJzEBS
唔使咁心急住97Please respect copyright.PENANAp8hgQIWCzD
你呢個提案將會同你另一個提案一併處理㗎喇97Please respect copyright.PENANAkGyehnG2K5
咳唔⋯⋯咁會議就進入第二個議題97Please respect copyright.PENANAycKMRbBfAK
撒哈拉以南兩大河流──西非嘅尼日河同中非嘅剛果河97Please respect copyright.PENANAvACEs74Tqh
一直都係通往非洲內陸最重要嘅航道97Please respect copyright.PENANAgPP47eDEAN
關於呢兩大水系嘅通航問題97Please respect copyright.PENANAknQgqD5Lyn
其實就相對簡單97Please respect copyright.PENANAGX1FjLTmif
因為成個會打正旗號係用自由貿易開化啲黑鬼達至遏止奴隸貿易97Please respect copyright.PENANA4t1uHXOf30
所以航行自由係必須嘅97Please respect copyright.PENANAnD9pxGnDg8
尼日河口位於英國佔據嘅尼日三角洲保護地97Please respect copyright.PENANAoXj91AzPsg
理所當然進入尼日河所需嘅物流保安等等嘅需求同收益97Please respect copyright.PENANAvEB3PNLFxC
自然就由英國所負責同享用啦
尼日河同佢廣闊流域內嘅盆地
至於剛果河呢⋯⋯97Please respect copyright.PENANA6ZOMwnCF1w
得得得你坐番低先97Please respect copyright.PENANAn3YiNmk8Rz
而家就處理今個會第三個要解決嘅問題──何謂有效佔據97Please respect copyright.PENANA6e5LNETflj
順便講埋葡萄牙嘅議題97Please respect copyright.PENANAzVvNsLOsC6
本來列強殖民非洲個玩法97Please respect copyright.PENANAxBylEsybpt
一路都係佔據非洲沿岸各個河口海灣後97Please respect copyright.PENANAigoYOelKYY
再同當地土著簽吓合作協議、起吓貿易站仔97Please respect copyright.PENANA9m9oEGPv5w
嗰度就歸佢97Please respect copyright.PENANARL3OldRBdQ
不過畀啲先入局嘅咁樣咁低成本霸晒啲地97Please respect copyright.PENANAHMALeYHPZw
對後來者其實相當唔公平97Please respect copyright.PENANAU6V2LNG3QL
俾斯麥建議殖民者需要同當地部落簽署協議之餘97Please respect copyright.PENANAPpj8pBPVrS
並顯示對當地有實質控制97Please respect copyright.PENANARboxpU7x3x
好似有發展基建或者駐紮軍隊維持治安等等97Please respect copyright.PENANA19U65vHGUP
嗰度先算係佢轄下嘅保護國97Please respect copyright.PENANA5VyWShbQg1
咁樣嘅話英法兩國嘅殖民地開支必定會大增97Please respect copyright.PENANABBOKfSXdb6
正常嚟講佢地係會反對嘅97Please respect copyright.PENANAc1AyO6JX9F
不過俾斯麥之所以要全歐洲甚至連殖民地都冇嘅國家都叫埋嚟開會97Please respect copyright.PENANAl4VYlNBmrH
目的就係要用呢堆小國嚟牽制英法呢兩個老牌殖民大國97Please respect copyright.PENANAz9M2tS1QDx
而英國個豬隊友葡萄牙嘅立場97Please respect copyright.PENANATe2DQicUTA
就直程令俾斯麥如虎添翼啦
喺今次個會上97Please respect copyright.PENANAc5uQzZSksx
葡萄牙其實係相當進取嘅97Please respect copyright.PENANAqHcyaXfkHI
除咗說服英國支持佢爭剛果河口外97Please respect copyright.PENANAMZSltZAooE
仲喺會議上提出以先發現原則劃地97Please respect copyright.PENANAY47r7uX37o
並提議將東非莫桑比克同西非安哥拉之間一大片土地97Please respect copyright.PENANApkiMOjUYXi
都劃晒畀佢97Please respect copyright.PENANASrIVI6lMq4
形成貫穿非洲中南部嘅走廊97Please respect copyright.PENANAtT1tfrXcqH
即係所謂嘅“粉紅地圖”
…嗱阿葡萄牙代表97Please respect copyright.PENANA5G1zHNsDOc
而家個遊戲玩法同你地個腦停留嗰個年代唔同晒㗎喇97Please respect copyright.PENANAigf4aPbxj5
照你個講法如果邊個發現先就歸邊個嘅話97Please respect copyright.PENANANWlPYEtAe4
咁成個非洲都係你㗎啦97Please respect copyright.PENANAHQfmCGwijH
大家可以收工返歸啦嘛係咪?97Please respect copyright.PENANAv7WmMph6zN
唔係㗎嘛97Please respect copyright.PENANAIXil2U5n9U
而家個原則就係邊個證明到對一笪地方有實質控制97Please respect copyright.PENANAoeYRGzVqyk
邊個先有資格去佔據嗰度97Please respect copyright.PENANAselwcVoCE1
以剛果河口為例97Please respect copyright.PENANA07SeRsbigo
國際剛果協會已經證明咗佢對嗰度有實質控制97Please respect copyright.PENANAXzGXeJMlqN
而你就只係得份連簽署國都滅亡咗嘅歷史文件97Please respect copyright.PENANAKbLjSWGPtq
咁樣我地好難做㗎喎97Please respect copyright.PENANAIyyAuWGGWB
我建議剛果河口北岸歸國際剛果協會97Please respect copyright.PENANAApFke9dML9
南岸就歸葡屬安哥拉97Please respect copyright.PENANAVO2RriHk73
大家有冇異議?本來英國早喺2月已經同葡萄牙簽署協議97Please respect copyright.PENANAN1vE4NrDiG
支持佢爭取剛果河口97Please respect copyright.PENANAXuow5k444X
不過當呢份“粉紅地圖”一擺上枱面97Please respect copyright.PENANAPG8NClQ5Q6
英國佬即刻嬲到紅都面晒97Please respect copyright.PENANATivMuXQsdf
事關如果畀葡萄牙建立到呢條中南非走廊嘅話97Please respect copyright.PENANALc0lqriY6l
佢嗰個籌備中嘅“縱斷非洲”計劃就會斷纜97Please respect copyright.PENANAEQNvjEJUz1
呢樣嘢係絕對唔可以發生
英國嘅“縱斷非洲”同法國嘅“橫斷非洲”97Please respect copyright.PENANA7LTrMeYGe3
是為非洲版過三關97Please respect copyright.PENANAm6KDMuHxvj
詳情請參閱我對上一篇廢文
英國即時陷於兩難97Please respect copyright.PENANALPTGh2D6sZ
如果支持葡萄牙個先發現原則攞剛果河口嘅話97Please respect copyright.PENANAC25g9bBsne
佢就要同時承認“粉紅地圖”97Please respect copyright.PENANA38Sv2eoNhL
如果要保住佢盤過三關嘅話97Please respect copyright.PENANAr3oJh0IgA3
佢就要接受俾斯麥嘅詭計兼背棄盟友97Please respect copyright.PENANAiJXDxjaUU5
兩害取其輕下英國佬決定叫葡萄牙吔自己97Please respect copyright.PENANAbz5jPZ1OXh
轉向支持國際剛果協會97Please respect copyright.PENANAOes5ON2o7y
利奧波德二世得到彌足珍貴嘅出海口97Please respect copyright.PENANAd4ZPpj1LYP
獲得完全嘅外交勝利97Please respect copyright.PENANAA8fOvQVo1B
而俾斯麥為英法兩國所搭建嘅呢個非洲鬥獸場亦就此完成喇
因為柏林會議嘅分割97Please respect copyright.PENANAV4pULDX7Ip
剛果河北岸安哥拉嘅領土97Please respect copyright.PENANAD4xYk15Aso
自始成為一塊飛地97Please respect copyright.PENANASPJnIPm38X往後章節都會提及吓非洲呢啲奇奇怪怪嘅劃界
跟住落嚟嘅會議就係與會各國之間嘅雙邊或者三邊談判97Please respect copyright.PENANAD4ABcdCKAx
基本上都係喺非洲有殖民地嗰啲國家就領土劃分上互相博弈97Please respect copyright.PENANA2B2iNGxgdP
例如德國讓出東非桑吉巴蘇丹國嘅主導權畀英國嚟換取北海一個小島啦97Please respect copyright.PENANAlHlpVCZsI3
或者法國同意意大利佔領利比亞同非洲之角嘅厄立特里亞97Please respect copyright.PENANAy5VXRhSNMg
以尋求意大利承認法國喺突尼西亞嘅主權啦97Please respect copyright.PENANAql05SMfixr
又或者英國用北尼日利亞同法國交換紐芬蘭嘅捕魚權等等97Please respect copyright.PENANAbF90DHVOeo
可能各位小朋友都對呢堆遙遠嘅名字感到陌生97Please respect copyright.PENANAiQufoWg9Mi
冇錯97Please respect copyright.PENANAHiUccjocyO
唔只你地97Please respect copyright.PENANAgPnVpJLBxw
連當時啲遠在歐洲嘅王公貴冑都唔知嗰度有啲乜97Please respect copyright.PENANA5n8hWgVECp
正如時任英國首相嘅梳士巴利爵士所言97Please respect copyright.PENANAztvRoLnRiR
「我地交換到嘅呢啲山脈、湖泊同土地,實際上係連我地都唔知喺邊」97Please respect copyright.PENANAcWQVmV2LCK
事實上整個非洲就畀列強當成無主之地97Please respect copyright.PENANASWj5F5gc68
直尺一度、大筆一揮就被肆意分割97Please respect copyright.PENANAqDkq3Ew1V2
分割出嚟嘅“籌碼”就被用作交換各色各樣同非洲相關或者唔相關嘅利益97Please respect copyright.PENANAtWRjRmcS6R
至於啲世居喺呢片「未知國度」嘅黑鬼97Please respect copyright.PENANAP1heEWB7yS
佢地嘅利益理所當然就唔會被考慮啦97Please respect copyright.PENANAp7dm9wQFhN
伴隨住呢啲分割嘅97Please respect copyright.PENANA70zi8UUdj5
係非洲入面唔同部族喺千百年間自然演化出嚟嘅勢力範圍被重新劃分
呢啲歐洲人強加於非洲嘅疆界97Please respect copyright.PENANAE7BLxHPojZ
往往會將敵對嘅部族劃埋一齊97Please respect copyright.PENANAb8kkdaOAYt
又或者將同一個部族分開喺唔同嘅國家97Please respect copyright.PENANArhkHUbkyBl
咁好自然敵對嘅勢力會互相鬥爭97Please respect copyright.PENANAsFCXJcnDnG
相同嘅部族又會試圖合併97Please respect copyright.PENANAcHALCmcNuX
非洲人嘅命運巨輪自始悄然起動97Please respect copyright.PENANAKV3h49HmOk
整個非洲將會成為一部特大號嘅絞肉機97Please respect copyright.PENANAB1g7Y1RIcv
不過呢啲咁遙遠又咁長遠嘅事97Please respect copyright.PENANAsZ7Ns98ZsG
對當時身處歐洲廟堂嘅諸公嚟講97Please respect copyright.PENANA6ue65pwZ9w
又點會理會同預料到呢
殖民時期前嘅部族勢力分界同現代非洲國界重叠圖
非洲喺二戰後各地武裝衝突地點示意圖
對比呢兩幅圖就可以睇到97Please respect copyright.PENANAGagrm15HvU
呢啲無視當地土著勢力範圍嘅分割97Please respect copyright.PENANA8ywAPval4w
就係往後非洲紛亂不堪最重要嘅起始因素喇97Please respect copyright.PENANAbQmlVkLCdk
根據地域可以將呢啲衝突歸類為四個“重災區”97Please respect copyright.PENANA9hE7wGsNbq
1)法國控制、穆斯林人口主導嘅北非地中海沿岸97Please respect copyright.PENANArDH1qOGlgU
2)北緯12度以南、撒哈拉同中非雨林之間嘅草原地帶
阿拉伯人稱之為“薩赫勒”97Please respect copyright.PENANA2dHMk0F7WT
意思係“撒哈拉之海以南”97Please respect copyright.PENANA2PrZbmiDI3
視乎旱澇情況呢度既係北面穆斯林嘅放牧場又係南面土著王國嘅耕地97Please respect copyright.PENANAfc3bKRSyWp
自古以來就係兩邊人互相廝咬嘅源頭
3)中非剛果盆地同佢東邊嘅大湖區97Please respect copyright.PENANAwB0oOZ5pmI
4)礦產資源豐富、較為發達但係貧富極為懸殊嘅非洲南部97Please respect copyright.PENANAxw99pcfyl3
基本上各自都有自身獨特嘅原因搞到今時今日咁嘅田地97Please respect copyright.PENANA9dOeWx1AOv
呢啲會喺嚟緊嘅章節慢慢去講97Please respect copyright.PENANA7io2PJwYcJ
不過我會講講佢地共同擁有嘅“歷史機遇”先97Please respect copyright.PENANAyMvdmXReB4
下一集《盛宴之後》再同大家吹過
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
識睇嘅就梗係睇埋個尾啦97Please respect copyright.PENANAt7WwF1B8nV
話說柏林會議雖然為後世所唾罵97Please respect copyright.PENANAFenGt7MfF7
不過喺嗰時97Please respect copyright.PENANAQZ5MyoeCIO
的確為各殖民宗主國提供咗一個文明解決潛在爭議嘅框架97Please respect copyright.PENANACmWRn5shay
俾斯麥憑藉佢靈活嘅外交手腕97Please respect copyright.PENANAKfe3I5SQR3
喺各國錯綜複雜嘅利益關係網中97Please respect copyright.PENANA2oAYjcQmsS
一步步拆解分岐97Please respect copyright.PENANA3xdRycO0wW
最終搵到個大家都可以接受嘅方案97Please respect copyright.PENANAnptRJkncsi
唔使動輒就要打要殺97Please respect copyright.PENANAVzd6GPTLiQ
目的都係為德國提供一個穩定嘅歐陸97Please respect copyright.PENANAjkeNC7taV5
以發展佢嘅經濟97Please respect copyright.PENANAslfPRqvhKs
德意志帝國有幸有呢位無雙國士97Please respect copyright.PENANAbnp30S18zP
可以話係有今生冇來世
之但係帝國呢種國體97Please respect copyright.PENANAAV8VQSEc82
就註定有明君先可以有賢臣嘅97Please respect copyright.PENANARRLEFTKwsF
呢台由俾斯麥一人擔綱嘅獨腳戲97Please respect copyright.PENANAVIlLHKZ8dX
終究有落幕嘅一日97Please respect copyright.PENANA4KuIHJCLbY
當嗰位自信滿滿又衝動成性嘅少主登基時97Please respect copyright.PENANA9UocpWD6g1
俾斯麥嗰套遊走於各方矛盾嘅平衡97Please respect copyright.PENANA5JtBsAios5
就唔係好啱佢胃口喇97Please respect copyright.PENANAAiwuODYJVd
佢覺得戰戰兢兢咁踩鋼線實在太慢太悶97Please respect copyright.PENANAE1xM8XRxyr
不如痛痛快快咁玩跳火圈啦97Please respect copyright.PENANAD8FUGzpRlC
1890年3月22號97Please respect copyright.PENANAdC3XUnEibU
威廉二世以俾斯麥推行嘅反社會主義者法案過於激進為由97Please respect copyright.PENANA54qoZ1R8cm
迫令佢辭職97Please respect copyright.PENANAEl1VffP4k8
自此呢位德意志帝國嘅舵手就黯然落台97Please respect copyright.PENANAbOuJh6UemP
威廉仔亦都開始周圍點火表演跳火圈喇
領航員落船
日耳曼尼亞同俾斯麥睇住兒皇帝玩火自焚
“俾斯麥體系”隨之而瓦解97Please respect copyright.PENANA3V4fsCzksM
對列強嚟講97Please respect copyright.PENANAL2apDdJ4oL
德國再唔係穩定歐陸勢力嘅伙伴97Please respect copyright.PENANA30ulPkCqjG
而係反覆無常嘅計時炸彈97Please respect copyright.PENANAJ9wFETfyZs
漸漸合作變成對立、猜忌加劇矛盾97Please respect copyright.PENANABBCD2S93qy
最終走向大戰⋯⋯97Please respect copyright.PENANA7FvCqd56y3
有時不禁會諗97Please respect copyright.PENANAD29S1FQXDf
最佳答案有時真係未必有最好結果㗎97Please respect copyright.PENANAGFLfbMHCd6
如果1878年柏林會議時俾斯麥狠下決心撐俄國97Please respect copyright.PENANAbOElXNEu0L
令世界大戰由威廉一世-俾斯麥-老毛奇呢個鐵三角應對97Please respect copyright.PENANA8FNd2zk8Bm
歷史會唔會改寫呢?97Please respect copyright.PENANAlbGwD4DzKP
德意志帝國同沙俄會唔會繼續存在?97Please respect copyright.PENANA1QdcnJYeL2共慘黨又會唔會被掃進棺材呢?97Please respect copyright.PENANAAjGRKvOGZz
而嗰喺個平行宇宙嘅我97Please respect copyright.PENANAocmjvLwL4a
又會點樣寫呢個故仔呢?
97Please respect copyright.PENANAJGLu6Aq6Sr
-完-
ns3.17.185.36da2