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正如上面所講84Please respect copyright.PENANAT3IBIfvG44
德國統一初期佢對海外擴張都係相當抗拒84Please respect copyright.PENANA22h4nzfsEn
原因之一係繼承自普魯士嘅帝國海軍84Please respect copyright.PENANA07UueGcNeD
規模實在太細84Please respect copyright.PENANA4s4EH8nWz4
根本支撐唔到龐大嘅殖民地發展84Please respect copyright.PENANAP4KLFjZkwN
就咁其實德國唔係冇能力發展遠洋艦隊84Please respect copyright.PENANAHCYekoi2ip
相反德國船廠嘅技術喺當時係首屈一指84Please respect copyright.PENANAvqYc2JlsDS
號稱遠東最強戰艦嘅定遠號同鎮遠號84Please respect copyright.PENANAktiuMvdqNz
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個海軍咁鵪鶉嘅原因84Please respect copyright.PENANAgEPQRzlsET
純粹係國策使然啫
定遠號同鎮遠號喺德國港口付運時情況
俾斯麥刻意壓抑海軍發展84Please respect copyright.PENANADmz9V0CMvY
原因係避免同其他列強直接競爭84Please respect copyright.PENANAuZ3J3jaLY8
例如喺1867年尾84Please respect copyright.PENANA0aQ8UJdEsN
北德意志邦聯海軍司令繞過俾斯麥84Please respect copyright.PENANAydZoTi3xbR
直接同中美洲哥斯達黎加協議設立軍港84Please respect copyright.PENANAeYxe5rdWIW
當俾斯麥知道時即時叫停84Please respect copyright.PENANAlZUUf338Xm
原因就係因為佢驚得罪美國84Please respect copyright.PENANA7G2KoOYqca
(門羅主義下嘅美國對歐洲國家介入美洲事務相當反感)84Please respect copyright.PENANAZoLiHd13o0
對一個距離咁遠嘅強國都咁忌憚84Please respect copyright.PENANAsYINpwB1Jy
何況英國、法國呢啲傳統海軍強國84Please respect copyright.PENANAq2fGH8Kd36
以德國個地理位置84Please respect copyright.PENANAG0LToZPcsK
發展遠洋艦隊84Please respect copyright.PENANAOM150WrXla
根本係浪費寶貴嘅國家資源84Please respect copyright.PENANA99ssJzcNQT
冇強大嘅海軍84Please respect copyright.PENANAoFQJOBOVd7
殖民主義又從何談起呢?
以一個明瞭發展強大海軍弊端嘅歷史偉人84Please respect copyright.PENANA5lMmri3jvs
嚟命名一艘帝國最強大嘅戰艦84Please respect copyright.PENANA4yAVcNDADK
總係有種開緊歷史玩笑嘅味道⋯⋯
不過官方嘅立場並唔影響民間對海外擴張嘅嚮往84Please respect copyright.PENANAXa5IfktwRK
喺1860年代中期開始84Please respect copyright.PENANAFdOd7WgBfO
尤其係探索剛果盆地成功後84Please respect copyright.PENANASdjDpnG42f
各國包括德國嘅民間都充斥住對探險嘅熱情84Please respect copyright.PENANAPNTX41fNgg
形形色色嘅企業同地理學會都紛紛組團84Please respect copyright.PENANA3mHeKGgB2a
諗住入去分一杯羹84Please respect copyright.PENANAm583A3UaKj
傳統殖民強國好似英法兩國84Please respect copyright.PENANAAr2A1Ikk0G
同埋某個博晒老命搵殖民地嘅豆腐膶低地國84Please respect copyright.PENANAcbkV9XPUT0
因為有國家機器加持84Please respect copyright.PENANAGSXZN0hE7T
啲探險隊當然就如魚得水啦84Please respect copyright.PENANACNIe2o5Ybn
但係德國嗰啲就陰公喇84Please respect copyright.PENANAc41c3w07om
喺1868年俾斯麥寫畀佢老友戰爭部長羅恩伯爵嘅信中84Please respect copyright.PENANAWSeDeIr0Gw
佢表明唔會用納稅人嘅錢支持呢啲同國策相違背嘅私人企業活動84Please respect copyright.PENANAUkt6OLUL9V
就係咁啲企業就算探到險簽到合作協議都好84Please respect copyright.PENANA3O7ZwxpwoE
到最後返到德國都會畀俾斯麥拒之門外白忙一場84Please respect copyright.PENANAT8LGcTCLI6
攞唔到國家資助自然就發展唔到啦84Please respect copyright.PENANAEewWodnaG8
不過情況好快就會有改變⋯⋯
1878年柏林會議後84Please respect copyright.PENANAW4ERVgqwnh
巴爾幹局勢暫時穩定落嚟84Please respect copyright.PENANAtk8PpdOzf2
而德奧意三國同盟84Please respect copyright.PENANAlnKwfoSlfA
以及三帝同盟續期84Please respect copyright.PENANA68FjitmusX
為嗰個時代嘅歐洲確立咗一個和平嘅基礎84Please respect copyright.PENANAzLBDKYXd0H
至少係表面上啦84Please respect copyright.PENANAxZBrRymHhA
俾斯麥終於保得住德國個後欄84Please respect copyright.PENANA2brjj3eS73
可以專心應付嚟自法國嘅敵意喇84Please respect copyright.PENANACslsCzeqPo
另一方面84Please respect copyright.PENANAuQ1NGnXIxy
英法喺會上嘅枱底交易84Please respect copyright.PENANAzRQRwpuUjM
似乎都預視咗嚟緊嘅外交角力焦點84Please respect copyright.PENANAb4ZuydkRKO
將會由歐陸轉移到各殖民地事務上84Please respect copyright.PENANAdWh1DCnMJM
同巴爾幹動輒牽扯上幾百年嘅國仇家恨唔同84Please respect copyright.PENANAhdRGf7sUBM
呢啲殖民地爭議84Please respect copyright.PENANAtYY5QgSgKV
本質上純粹係基於經濟利益嘅啫84Please respect copyright.PENANAvuXwYVLPxF
德國要參與其中84Please respect copyright.PENANAvOHlWI7OZj
從而繼續喺外交上孤立法國同分散佢對歐陸嘅注意力嘅話84Please respect copyright.PENANAkFxnWme3rM
就唔可以好似今次咁只係做個Honest Broker就夠84Please respect copyright.PENANAzRRwTlJF0x
佢一定要有啲籌碼喺手84Please respect copyright.PENANAFfXfqZoRaq
先可以埋枱玩84Please respect copyright.PENANAoJ6ee7iTGZ
咁代表俾斯麥要做樣佢唔係好想做嘅嘢──海外擴張84Please respect copyright.PENANAPsp0hUgLhd
喺1880年尾開始84Please respect copyright.PENANApDeTnQXqNA
之前食飽閉門羹嘅企業同機構84Please respect copyright.PENANAf4q7CFTmgc
陸續獲得俾斯麥接見84Please respect copyright.PENANA1yuEUoaDUT
並且陸續獲批殖民地嘅特許狀84Please respect copyright.PENANASVZioUfyNE
1884年4月-德屬西南非洲(納米比亞);7月-西非嘅多哥蘭同喀麥隆;84Please respect copyright.PENANAjTxzMvLJMQ
1885年2月-德屬東非(坦桑尼亞);4月-肯雅84Please respect copyright.PENANA0Nmzh4ZkDe
加埋幾個喺南太平洋嘅群島仔84Please respect copyright.PENANAgmyyBVFoy3
於是德國喺一年間84Please respect copyright.PENANAAirDwj6qnI
就由冇到有咁建立起僅次於英法兩國、全球第三大嘅殖民帝國喇
德國喺非洲嘅殖民地
俾斯麥為日爾曼尼亞着起名為殖民主義嘅新裝
睇落好似好威威咁84Please respect copyright.PENANAwzh5Pt9SHi
不過呢啲殖民地其實都係掛個名係德國旗下嘅啫84Please respect copyright.PENANAOVN8nUc6FK
因為俾斯麥根本唔想使太多錢喺呢度84Please respect copyright.PENANACxmJ0hkipe
呢一紙特許狀純粹係畀呢啲殖民地公司專營權84Please respect copyright.PENANAnfZwL512pJ
同喺“必要”時提供軍事援助啫84Please respect copyright.PENANAOXu2lF77dd
咩探索呀開發呀治安呀嗰啲麻煩就閣下自理喇84Please respect copyright.PENANA6MbqFzg3h7
呢個由私人公司主導嘅殖民模式係註定失敗嘅84Please respect copyright.PENANARCvBAzjCFk
皆因冇國家機器直接統籌嘅話84Please respect copyright.PENANAJDHvqAkEok
民間機構係冇可能處理到殖民地入面嘅諸多事務84Please respect copyright.PENANAPJpYM2ffYm
強如英國東印度公司呢間有國家支援嘅百年老店84Please respect copyright.PENANAD6bHdXY6VB
最後都要衰喺一場全國暴動上84Please respect copyright.PENANAso6c8jpzEa
要政府接管執手尾
由牛油同豬油引發嘅1857年印度兵變
咁你會問明知死路一條點解俾斯麥都仲要行嘅84Please respect copyright.PENANAe7L3YyXLCS
首先要搞清楚死嘅唔係俾斯麥唔係德國84Please respect copyright.PENANAd6rQaBNJVD
而係啲私人企業84Please respect copyright.PENANAI2KvwGa4rI
畢竟呢啲殖民地開發不嬲都係高風險㗎啦84Please respect copyright.PENANAkYIMs5sNIA
佢地死冇人會覺得出奇84Please respect copyright.PENANA64X4oMktiX
更重要嘅係俾斯麥本身就唔想發得太大84Please respect copyright.PENANAk7tM2Ockbn
佢要嘅效果84Please respect copyright.PENANAGEf881SLqF
就係用最低成本84Please respect copyright.PENANAx2CKOFQRN5
令德國喺短時間內84Please respect copyright.PENANA7ydY7efKNw
獲取足夠多嘅殖民地84Please respect copyright.PENANAHjyh1x20Fl
等佢可以喺嚟緊英法之間嘅殖民地爭議中善價而沽84Please respect copyright.PENANAI3scD1Gc0n
德國作為老三要做嘅84Please respect copyright.PENANAlJhYmsW3PM
就係平衡阿大同老二嘅勢力84Please respect copyright.PENANAaBoNY5Z3mS
等佢地喺下面慢慢耗84Please respect copyright.PENANA5lnIYCPkwk
自己喺歐陸先會安穩84Please respect copyright.PENANAngFPiiIF7V
呢樣就係俾斯麥點解喺1880年代無啦啦搞殖民主義最底層嘅原因喇
好喇籌碼就喺手喇84Please respect copyright.PENANAsqVbmZmIPn
而家就爭咁張賭枱84Please respect copyright.PENANAG2TIzwFcU9
俾斯麥需要一個好似上次柏林會議咁嘅外交場合84Please respect copyright.PENANAxaG6owGT34
等佢可以遊走於英法嘅殖民地鬥爭之中84Please respect copyright.PENANAiLeDtoI7DB
咁啱法國同比利時喺剛果河流域歸屬問題上嘅爭議84Please respect copyright.PENANAle4u2NFZnd
有越演越烈嘅趨勢84Please respect copyright.PENANAGGa9i0mO3H
而本來已經衰落到冇人理嘅葡萄牙84Please respect copyright.PENANAO3IARK3v8f
又突然喺櫳底摷咗份鹹鹹臭臭嘅條約出嚟84Please respect copyright.PENANAesoqoIqdJU
話早喺15世紀已經同當地嘅剛果王國簽訂協議84Please respect copyright.PENANADVGPMhzJbg
可以自由使用剛果河口南岸嘅一大片土地84Please respect copyright.PENANA3klB20soDJ
(即現今安哥拉,詳情請參閱第二集)84Please respect copyright.PENANARhzYslcUJN
要佢大佬英國撑佢維護當地嘅領土完整84Please respect copyright.PENANA3ta3maazpy
忽然間剛果河就成為四國爭拗嘅熱點84Please respect copyright.PENANA9LIeedr7BF
俾斯麥心諗喂掂呀屌你84Please respect copyright.PENANA90wAkkgO4T
於是建議大家過嚟柏林開個會斟斟84Please respect copyright.PENANAy0xr8PO78J
各國見上次柏林會議搞得幾靚仔吓84Please respect copyright.PENANAPyXOYefnlk
都紛紛嚮應84Please respect copyright.PENANAhkWsa7yDvF
最終1884年11月15號喺俾斯麥嘅官邸84Please respect copyright.PENANAjKJYI6VZsJ
齊集除咗瑞士同啲鹹豆咁細嘅鼻屎國外全部歐洲國家84Please respect copyright.PENANA7m3fh4j2t6
再加上美國同鄂圖曼總共14個國家同組織84Please respect copyright.PENANAgT2EVqed13
(比利時係以國際剛果協會而唔係國家名義參加)84Please respect copyright.PENANARfTKrYV4YW
參與呢個惡名昭彰、後世駡不絕口嘅柏林剛果會議喇
其實呢個會喺外交上唔算好高級別84Please respect copyright.PENANAMrVSU4GOp2
嗰時冇飛機84Please respect copyright.PENANAgHGgXxWVHU
要一國首腦掉低本國事務山長水遠去一個地方開個會84Please respect copyright.PENANAnTVIhtyozD
必定係關乎到國運嘅大事84Please respect copyright.PENANAJNC2DAvITU
好似上次柏林會議84Please respect copyright.PENANAaz79kG6onS
與會嘅全部唔係外長就係首相本人84Please respect copyright.PENANAi9ZfM61pVt
相反今次嚟開會嘅84Please respect copyright.PENANAI9bezNHo9V
都係各國駐柏林大使84Please respect copyright.PENANAmPT4I0KUjf
亦因為咁佢地係做唔到重大決定嘅84Please respect copyright.PENANAMQQmliPqhf
每當要決定某啲事務時84Please respect copyright.PENANALssaRX5l3v
啲大使都要聯絡本國外長甚至元首84Please respect copyright.PENANAKe6RlLW0bj
所以個會都拖到幾長吓84Please respect copyright.PENANAGvhyrmHAiJ
計埋聖誕同新年放咗幾日假84Please respect copyright.PENANAEXyUF45Uc2
總共開咗104日84Please respect copyright.PENANAD2vF4VP0EU
到第二年嘅2月26號先完結84Please respect copyright.PENANARFdNbiq8BT
(對比1878年嗰次就啱啱好開咗一個月)84Please respect copyright.PENANAHJhCRMAZiI
咁從側面反映84Please respect copyright.PENANANCILW1ZAbH
喺嗰時對各國嚟講84Please respect copyright.PENANAeaHrxalvN8
殖民地政策所佔嘅比重其實唔算好大84Please respect copyright.PENANAtM97O3h8WM
不過好快就會有改變
呢個會主要解決嘅問題有:84Please respect copyright.PENANAw66mQEjrc7
1)剛果盆地歸屬84Please respect copyright.PENANAjkIR2GaRXL
2)兩大水系(尼日河同剛果河)航權84Please respect copyright.PENANAUdM8PZusbi
3)何謂“有效佔據”84Please respect copyright.PENANAagGw2KAXdi
關於第一個問題84Please respect copyright.PENANA2wKOAgiUz3
喺我對上一篇《由比利時嘅斷掌朱古力講起》都有約略講過吓84Please respect copyright.PENANAy8tJS76MrQ
我就唔係呢度重覆喇84Please respect copyright.PENANANAMBxzp7Lk
簡單重溫吓84Please respect copyright.PENANAleatrDrV3p
當時各國已經知道84Please respect copyright.PENANAlSu5J9Szw9
利奧波德二世呢個掛住人道主義者面具嘅豺狼84Please respect copyright.PENANAerOiqUpksg
背後嘅陰謀㗎喇84Please respect copyright.PENANAdcpoQM03UI
不過基於勢力平衡關係84Please respect copyright.PENANAFktk2zTHB5
畀中立國比利時控制中非呢一大片土地84Please respect copyright.PENANAKDlZJsm3xc
對各國都有好處84Please respect copyright.PENANAa0OvgMCJep
而法國喺剛果河北岸呢一輪大動作84Please respect copyright.PENANAQcmb02L25W
目的都只係警示利奧波德二世唔好諗住踩過界啫84Please respect copyright.PENANAAKJMbXhle0
並唔係真係想爭晒成個剛果84Please respect copyright.PENANAKf2vwBax77
所以與會各國一致贊成由國際剛果協會管理剛果河南岸84Please respect copyright.PENANAU6yy7JJHR7
而北岸就歸法國所有84Please respect copyright.PENANAgnrvE9MGS9
就係咁84Please respect copyright.PENANAB6hOuKlrtV
剛果自由邦成為咗利奧波德二世苦心經營下嘅外交奇蹟喇
剛果自由邦北面疆界基本上就係剛果河
OK搞掂一樣會議繼續⋯⋯84Please respect copyright.PENANAUilcDXnlBl
…咪住主席有樣嘢要搞清楚先84Please respect copyright.PENANAkMEJQMhRFV
剛果盆地歸國際剛果協會我冇異議84Please respect copyright.PENANAW8AlCgEl7w
不過剛果河口個主權就唔同咁講喇84Please respect copyright.PENANAS60kjOF8Wo
嗱呢份係我國喺1491年同剛果國王約翰一世所簽訂嘅合作協議84Please respect copyright.PENANAZmflP0xdpY
訂明我國可以自由使用整個剛果河口⋯⋯84Please respect copyright.PENANAel0ARkGh03
等等葡萄牙代表你收番張梅菜坐番低先84Please respect copyright.PENANAPrWpFfcGoa
唔使咁心急住84Please respect copyright.PENANA1QTTs19BWf
你呢個提案將會同你另一個提案一併處理㗎喇84Please respect copyright.PENANAvsUTZfnzEg
咳唔⋯⋯咁會議就進入第二個議題84Please respect copyright.PENANAhEOJ8Fmmsu
撒哈拉以南兩大河流──西非嘅尼日河同中非嘅剛果河84Please respect copyright.PENANAUXgm5DMB9Z
一直都係通往非洲內陸最重要嘅航道84Please respect copyright.PENANAJZQIhsRp7k
關於呢兩大水系嘅通航問題84Please respect copyright.PENANAqI5UhRxQZA
其實就相對簡單84Please respect copyright.PENANA1U99lph6yQ
因為成個會打正旗號係用自由貿易開化啲黑鬼達至遏止奴隸貿易84Please respect copyright.PENANA088SVHJTN4
所以航行自由係必須嘅84Please respect copyright.PENANAAOsuCi0kNe
尼日河口位於英國佔據嘅尼日三角洲保護地84Please respect copyright.PENANAIBpcTKNnF8
理所當然進入尼日河所需嘅物流保安等等嘅需求同收益84Please respect copyright.PENANA671PjFs0nE
自然就由英國所負責同享用啦
尼日河同佢廣闊流域內嘅盆地
至於剛果河呢⋯⋯84Please respect copyright.PENANAjukBDdyRbW
得得得你坐番低先84Please respect copyright.PENANAgFe06iql9X
而家就處理今個會第三個要解決嘅問題──何謂有效佔據84Please respect copyright.PENANA7y9KIzQHK2
順便講埋葡萄牙嘅議題84Please respect copyright.PENANAHNVG9MsJum
本來列強殖民非洲個玩法84Please respect copyright.PENANAdlzAY9nxOi
一路都係佔據非洲沿岸各個河口海灣後84Please respect copyright.PENANAaV1n7Xy2Ik
再同當地土著簽吓合作協議、起吓貿易站仔84Please respect copyright.PENANAJeOR4Fv8hq
嗰度就歸佢84Please respect copyright.PENANAnLUbgrciNi
不過畀啲先入局嘅咁樣咁低成本霸晒啲地84Please respect copyright.PENANAOg5rNXL7sg
對後來者其實相當唔公平84Please respect copyright.PENANAFed7HUQlyW
俾斯麥建議殖民者需要同當地部落簽署協議之餘84Please respect copyright.PENANAGrAts1oeKA
並顯示對當地有實質控制84Please respect copyright.PENANAmsRderFuMm
好似有發展基建或者駐紮軍隊維持治安等等84Please respect copyright.PENANArzxaScEanE
嗰度先算係佢轄下嘅保護國84Please respect copyright.PENANAVOp4CORGNN
咁樣嘅話英法兩國嘅殖民地開支必定會大增84Please respect copyright.PENANAWKMVd6teYH
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目的就係要用呢堆小國嚟牽制英法呢兩個老牌殖民大國84Please respect copyright.PENANASwttSPGrtL
而英國個豬隊友葡萄牙嘅立場84Please respect copyright.PENANA8fBjVovAbC
就直程令俾斯麥如虎添翼啦
喺今次個會上84Please respect copyright.PENANABwTxkrzOVM
葡萄牙其實係相當進取嘅84Please respect copyright.PENANAo0ZFuLVR1h
除咗說服英國支持佢爭剛果河口外84Please respect copyright.PENANAw4gHzjHV5I
仲喺會議上提出以先發現原則劃地84Please respect copyright.PENANA5ButLwiWeV
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都劃晒畀佢84Please respect copyright.PENANAYGXU7TSxNz
形成貫穿非洲中南部嘅走廊84Please respect copyright.PENANADfj3kKUCz2
即係所謂嘅“粉紅地圖”
…嗱阿葡萄牙代表84Please respect copyright.PENANAnPj6lbbdBs
而家個遊戲玩法同你地個腦停留嗰個年代唔同晒㗎喇84Please respect copyright.PENANASCVLVIR95m
照你個講法如果邊個發現先就歸邊個嘅話84Please respect copyright.PENANALsuPXtAdet
咁成個非洲都係你㗎啦84Please respect copyright.PENANAV60zKdUQAg
大家可以收工返歸啦嘛係咪?84Please respect copyright.PENANAVHtPZ9T9cq
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而家個原則就係邊個證明到對一笪地方有實質控制84Please respect copyright.PENANAW209fEHruS
邊個先有資格去佔據嗰度84Please respect copyright.PENANAo2NxAbdV4K
以剛果河口為例84Please respect copyright.PENANAAkwsayIWsv
國際剛果協會已經證明咗佢對嗰度有實質控制84Please respect copyright.PENANAG1ofyVV193
而你就只係得份連簽署國都滅亡咗嘅歷史文件84Please respect copyright.PENANASpOx8z6H2z
咁樣我地好難做㗎喎84Please respect copyright.PENANAd1vUE6r9oE
我建議剛果河口北岸歸國際剛果協會84Please respect copyright.PENANA7lFjlm4gT1
南岸就歸葡屬安哥拉84Please respect copyright.PENANAsmrpfcdvla
大家有冇異議?本來英國早喺2月已經同葡萄牙簽署協議84Please respect copyright.PENANACOY6lfpSxh
支持佢爭取剛果河口84Please respect copyright.PENANAWluO6JRZ3L
不過當呢份“粉紅地圖”一擺上枱面84Please respect copyright.PENANA5jc0SaepUD
英國佬即刻嬲到紅都面晒84Please respect copyright.PENANAhFyxDUyCTW
事關如果畀葡萄牙建立到呢條中南非走廊嘅話84Please respect copyright.PENANAsIkudXLDzi
佢嗰個籌備中嘅“縱斷非洲”計劃就會斷纜84Please respect copyright.PENANAxRicPkF0gN
呢樣嘢係絕對唔可以發生
英國嘅“縱斷非洲”同法國嘅“橫斷非洲”84Please respect copyright.PENANAREoJXBAIJe
是為非洲版過三關84Please respect copyright.PENANAWo8t1VRm8h
詳情請參閱我對上一篇廢文
英國即時陷於兩難84Please respect copyright.PENANApImY7tfwX6
如果支持葡萄牙個先發現原則攞剛果河口嘅話84Please respect copyright.PENANACym0hAninS
佢就要同時承認“粉紅地圖”84Please respect copyright.PENANABDZWuVKwbn
如果要保住佢盤過三關嘅話84Please respect copyright.PENANAzqHR99rZrY
佢就要接受俾斯麥嘅詭計兼背棄盟友84Please respect copyright.PENANAlyexwMRbxI
兩害取其輕下英國佬決定叫葡萄牙吔自己84Please respect copyright.PENANAeNi5F469Og
轉向支持國際剛果協會84Please respect copyright.PENANAdzgtfEpOwi
利奧波德二世得到彌足珍貴嘅出海口84Please respect copyright.PENANAh1imUnng8u
獲得完全嘅外交勝利84Please respect copyright.PENANAQaOANVXowz
而俾斯麥為英法兩國所搭建嘅呢個非洲鬥獸場亦就此完成喇
因為柏林會議嘅分割84Please respect copyright.PENANAjfjxut4HkQ
剛果河北岸安哥拉嘅領土84Please respect copyright.PENANAOPS7Ohpbag
自始成為一塊飛地84Please respect copyright.PENANAALI70ELSfu往後章節都會提及吓非洲呢啲奇奇怪怪嘅劃界
跟住落嚟嘅會議就係與會各國之間嘅雙邊或者三邊談判84Please respect copyright.PENANAWSLGNBP79a
基本上都係喺非洲有殖民地嗰啲國家就領土劃分上互相博弈84Please respect copyright.PENANAf7jij7p2Fp
例如德國讓出東非桑吉巴蘇丹國嘅主導權畀英國嚟換取北海一個小島啦84Please respect copyright.PENANAzDG0eUrflq
或者法國同意意大利佔領利比亞同非洲之角嘅厄立特里亞84Please respect copyright.PENANA0ZQtcMpfm6
以尋求意大利承認法國喺突尼西亞嘅主權啦84Please respect copyright.PENANADspBOORav9
又或者英國用北尼日利亞同法國交換紐芬蘭嘅捕魚權等等84Please respect copyright.PENANAi1zCSAYj8k
可能各位小朋友都對呢堆遙遠嘅名字感到陌生84Please respect copyright.PENANAa3BYqkwUMz
冇錯84Please respect copyright.PENANAooVnpWNo1n
唔只你地84Please respect copyright.PENANA7lOSz4YfuT
連當時啲遠在歐洲嘅王公貴冑都唔知嗰度有啲乜84Please respect copyright.PENANAHeErrlfJqz
正如時任英國首相嘅梳士巴利爵士所言84Please respect copyright.PENANAsYLJe8o8v4
「我地交換到嘅呢啲山脈、湖泊同土地,實際上係連我地都唔知喺邊」84Please respect copyright.PENANAyma3IImZbb
事實上整個非洲就畀列強當成無主之地84Please respect copyright.PENANAX26zijIh3y
直尺一度、大筆一揮就被肆意分割84Please respect copyright.PENANAvkfqn9hn5F
分割出嚟嘅“籌碼”就被用作交換各色各樣同非洲相關或者唔相關嘅利益84Please respect copyright.PENANAVV1CEiJFaN
至於啲世居喺呢片「未知國度」嘅黑鬼84Please respect copyright.PENANANyDeCP5BOi
佢地嘅利益理所當然就唔會被考慮啦84Please respect copyright.PENANAq69Nyuw8z9
伴隨住呢啲分割嘅84Please respect copyright.PENANA6dW5jsD4OA
係非洲入面唔同部族喺千百年間自然演化出嚟嘅勢力範圍被重新劃分
呢啲歐洲人強加於非洲嘅疆界84Please respect copyright.PENANA9pUgpd9Nul
往往會將敵對嘅部族劃埋一齊84Please respect copyright.PENANAo8HazIOvRn
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咁好自然敵對嘅勢力會互相鬥爭84Please respect copyright.PENANAC4eyaVL1l6
相同嘅部族又會試圖合併84Please respect copyright.PENANAd1XlJCmZWG
非洲人嘅命運巨輪自始悄然起動84Please respect copyright.PENANA229DnfmHez
整個非洲將會成為一部特大號嘅絞肉機84Please respect copyright.PENANANhygb8pQ0l
不過呢啲咁遙遠又咁長遠嘅事84Please respect copyright.PENANAqSmMUI3B7B
對當時身處歐洲廟堂嘅諸公嚟講84Please respect copyright.PENANAuxfdkuGanQ
又點會理會同預料到呢
殖民時期前嘅部族勢力分界同現代非洲國界重叠圖
非洲喺二戰後各地武裝衝突地點示意圖
對比呢兩幅圖就可以睇到84Please respect copyright.PENANAE6SJCGaHXT
呢啲無視當地土著勢力範圍嘅分割84Please respect copyright.PENANA2zXsSduAtf
就係往後非洲紛亂不堪最重要嘅起始因素喇84Please respect copyright.PENANAP5pHJ0WoIh
根據地域可以將呢啲衝突歸類為四個“重災區”84Please respect copyright.PENANAdLZ9JJPBGz
1)法國控制、穆斯林人口主導嘅北非地中海沿岸84Please respect copyright.PENANAsyrnxSo3NU
2)北緯12度以南、撒哈拉同中非雨林之間嘅草原地帶
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意思係“撒哈拉之海以南”84Please respect copyright.PENANAQ8sZT76eAa
視乎旱澇情況呢度既係北面穆斯林嘅放牧場又係南面土著王國嘅耕地84Please respect copyright.PENANA46Zoc3rAAB
自古以來就係兩邊人互相廝咬嘅源頭
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基本上各自都有自身獨特嘅原因搞到今時今日咁嘅田地84Please respect copyright.PENANAslqJoPEYSG
呢啲會喺嚟緊嘅章節慢慢去講84Please respect copyright.PENANAdiXwR4uJGU
不過我會講講佢地共同擁有嘅“歷史機遇”先84Please respect copyright.PENANAAoxk0LzIEL
下一集《盛宴之後》再同大家吹過
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識睇嘅就梗係睇埋個尾啦84Please respect copyright.PENANAnCFNx5Vn9i
話說柏林會議雖然為後世所唾罵84Please respect copyright.PENANAAYgINsZwou
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的確為各殖民宗主國提供咗一個文明解決潛在爭議嘅框架84Please respect copyright.PENANA1MnAq1DgdN
俾斯麥憑藉佢靈活嘅外交手腕84Please respect copyright.PENANA4ljnKLM79X
喺各國錯綜複雜嘅利益關係網中84Please respect copyright.PENANAzkeWCY3xRx
一步步拆解分岐84Please respect copyright.PENANANLsm4ftk2s
最終搵到個大家都可以接受嘅方案84Please respect copyright.PENANAKuWEdt4T44
唔使動輒就要打要殺84Please respect copyright.PENANARno7aVA56y
目的都係為德國提供一個穩定嘅歐陸84Please respect copyright.PENANAYVtvv17ENe
以發展佢嘅經濟84Please respect copyright.PENANAOquKPjjtAZ
德意志帝國有幸有呢位無雙國士84Please respect copyright.PENANAF6zchLwEnJ
可以話係有今生冇來世
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呢台由俾斯麥一人擔綱嘅獨腳戲84Please respect copyright.PENANAFIwj7V6vqe
終究有落幕嘅一日84Please respect copyright.PENANANJ9RJKRsNB
當嗰位自信滿滿又衝動成性嘅少主登基時84Please respect copyright.PENANATMNDqjTv5t
俾斯麥嗰套遊走於各方矛盾嘅平衡84Please respect copyright.PENANAKLmP2gYc9M
就唔係好啱佢胃口喇84Please respect copyright.PENANAzrSVDYn4Iy
佢覺得戰戰兢兢咁踩鋼線實在太慢太悶84Please respect copyright.PENANA1b6kqkbaVD
不如痛痛快快咁玩跳火圈啦84Please respect copyright.PENANAXpYIGBLJIb
1890年3月22號84Please respect copyright.PENANAbNCkkjpkmK
威廉二世以俾斯麥推行嘅反社會主義者法案過於激進為由84Please respect copyright.PENANAYjzLvH0rF4
迫令佢辭職84Please respect copyright.PENANAyo5YwzP1iZ
自此呢位德意志帝國嘅舵手就黯然落台84Please respect copyright.PENANAx6sQgqaUgk
威廉仔亦都開始周圍點火表演跳火圈喇
領航員落船
日耳曼尼亞同俾斯麥睇住兒皇帝玩火自焚
“俾斯麥體系”隨之而瓦解84Please respect copyright.PENANAIFDNxPlTlh
對列強嚟講84Please respect copyright.PENANAmkTaT2345M
德國再唔係穩定歐陸勢力嘅伙伴84Please respect copyright.PENANAa3jlvDSJuY
而係反覆無常嘅計時炸彈84Please respect copyright.PENANAtBbLJOcmBP
漸漸合作變成對立、猜忌加劇矛盾84Please respect copyright.PENANAU1AaXHAdJu
最終走向大戰⋯⋯84Please respect copyright.PENANANRzzVkSfkM
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最佳答案有時真係未必有最好結果㗎84Please respect copyright.PENANAYbNYkxW5gN
如果1878年柏林會議時俾斯麥狠下決心撐俄國84Please respect copyright.PENANA1zDdAhFMJ5
令世界大戰由威廉一世-俾斯麥-老毛奇呢個鐵三角應對84Please respect copyright.PENANAZejC8SExZN
歷史會唔會改寫呢?84Please respect copyright.PENANA5vFUB8fA9X
德意志帝國同沙俄會唔會繼續存在?84Please respect copyright.PENANAVYhAmrl71z共慘黨又會唔會被掃進棺材呢?84Please respect copyright.PENANAUg5p1EsUXL
而嗰喺個平行宇宙嘅我84Please respect copyright.PENANA9EVnq978Un
又會點樣寫呢個故仔呢?
84Please respect copyright.PENANAzSO7XZEpYs
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