The Lesser Key of Solomon, also known as Clavicula Salomonis Regis or Lemegeton, is an anonymous grimoire (or spell book) on demonology. It was compiled in the mid-17th century, mostly from materials a couple of centuries older. It is divided into five books—the Ars Goetia, Ars Theurgia-Goetia, Ars Paulina, Ars Almadel, and Ars Notoria.1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0SC9UagI4S
Ars Goetia1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOOLh6W4iGQ
The most obvious source for the Ars Goetia is Johann Weyer's Pseudomonarchia Daemonum in his De praestigiis daemonum. Weyer does not cite, and is unaware of, any other books in the Lemegeton, indicating that the Lemegeton was derived from his work, not the other way around. The order of the spirits was changed between the two, four additional spirits were added to the later work, and one spirit (Pruflas) was omitted. The omission of Pruflas, a mistake that also occurs in an edition of Pseudomonarchia Daemonum cited in Reginald Scot's The Discoverie of Witchcraft, indicates that the Ars Goetia could not have been compiled before 1570. Indeed, it appears that the Ars Goetia is more dependent upon Scot's translation of Weyer than Weyer's work in itself. Additionally, some material was used from Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa's Three Books of Occult Philosophy, the Heptameron by pseudo-Pietro d'Abano, and the Magical Calendar.
Weyer's Officium Spirituum, which is likely related to a 1583 manuscript titled The Office of Spirits, appears to have ultimately been an elaboration on a 15th-century manuscript titled Le Livre des Esperitz (of which 30 of its 47 spirits are nearly identical to spirits in the Ars Goetia).
In a slightly later copy made by Thomas Rudd, this portion was labelled "Liber Malorum Spirituum seu Goetia", and the seals and demons were paired with those of the 72 angels of the Shemhamphorasch, who were intended to protect the conjurer and control the demons he summoned. The angelic names and seals were derived from a manuscript by Blaise de Vigenère, whose papers were also used by Samuel Liddell MacGregor Mathers in his works for the Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn. Rudd may have derived his copy of Liber Malorum Spirituum from a now-lost work by Johannes Trithemius, who taught Agrippa, who in turn taught Weyer.
This portion of the work was later translated by S. L. MacGregor Mathers and published by Aleister Crowley under the title The Book of the Goetia of Solomon the King. Crowley added some additional invocations previously unrelated to the original work, as well as essays describing the rituals as psychological exploration instead of demon summoning.1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkmV6SQpiGJ
The Seventy-Two Demons
The demons' names (given below) are taken from the Ars Goetia, which differs in terms of number and ranking from the Pseudomonarchia Daemonum of Weyer. As a result of multiple translations, there are multiple spellings for some of the names, which are given in the articles concerning them.
1) King Bael1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtA8RMeVDsD
2) Duke Agares1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHmmEV7CTGc
3) Prince Vassago1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNv3Ap9r1hE
4) Marquis Samigina1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKT3r5h3Omw
5) President Marbas1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdfNekOq1am
6) Duke Valefor1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡaluFukMgPL
7) Marquis Amon1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZFc8d92irr
8) Duke Barbatos1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgPsBC2Kzkr
9) King Paimon1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡW0298YNGkj
10) President Buer1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSZkEWzEDwu
11) Duke Gusion1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡU638dmMJK2
12) Prince Sitri1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwBZYF2Jsd9
13) King Beleth1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBReMwkfn6x
14) Marquis Leraje1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ10fVWPOBsu
15) Duke Eligos1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOF0aIqjwaF
16) Duke Zepar1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwHNwaKWd30
17) Count/President Botis1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZeqczadG3G
18) Duke Bathin1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1wQnaUa8oL
19) Duke Sallos1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbuef3eM7ig
20) King Purson1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ30S2WCWNw3
21) Count/President Marax1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRIGCSpVO4f
22) Count/Prince Ipos1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡV2uBL5N6xB
23) Duke Aim1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡj0R6qurWbg
24) Marquis Naberius1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkSkANDEJwB
25) Count/President Glasya-Labolas1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOMnBMF7m7j
26) Duke Buné1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwKWWidnhLW
27) Marquis/Count Ronové1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuaU4jY5UEM
28) Duke Berith1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKXUfOhHvdS
29) Duke Astaroth1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡI4zf0VCRiI
30) Marquis Forneus1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEC7sryb12l
31) President Foras1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡaTfE6Jrz84
32) King Asmoday1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmmI6lG8sUG
33) Prince/President Gäap1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ35BDFNlQMa
34) Count Furfur1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡem5JiHPxYA
35) Marquis Marchosias1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcINtDmU0om
36) Prince Stolas1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpbZsEDUMj2
37) Marquis Phenex1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡr53sa7feGj
38) Count Halphas1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCcLpe0JAPR
39) President Malphas1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡocjGOiQrZX
40) Count Räum1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSM9WiqtuHp
41) Duke Focalor1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIIPepDLg3f
42) Duke Vepar1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFDTBOsqwho
43) Marquis Sabnock1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1hPaoJxo24
44) Marquis Shax1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCjj3nuOorc
45) King/Count Viné1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyhOQdBcSrt
46) Count Bifrons1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPAjYSLPX06
47) Duke Vual1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡidjaZEQFHw
48) President Haagenti1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtYlCe02rfj
49) Duke Crocell1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIyxGAZpdEe
50) Knight Furcas1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlYNJ2dWmvc
51) King Balam1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuLu6In8dXF
52) Duke Alloces1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvOHUR21ozy
53) President Caim1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡetZ579eyu3
54) Duke/Count Murmur1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrx6Ni098si
55) Prince Orobas1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRJsGTXJNMt
56) Duke Gremory1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWBFUYzL8jt
57) President Ose1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjrfW5jXtwB
58) President Amy1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTMV8YGPay1
59) Marquis Orias1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6Yj5E2siCd
60) Duke Vapula1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHhF36UtKWK
61) King/President Zagan1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8lJJV2NIld
62) President Valac1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBeoYIAGyuT
63) Marquis Andras1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡosS3g2jC8E
64) Duke Flauros1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbwi0eKhBXl
65) Marquis Andrealphus1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRVjhYpXr76
66) Marquis Kimaris1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUHOFnbyZeg
67) Duke Amdusias1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4ZEeZ6mIf2
68) King Belial1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQ07YWLsYYA
69) Marquis Decarabia1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfTd0THzzpo
70) Prince Seere1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZHoBx3LLQL
71) Duke Dantalion1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlJwzzLmPOd
72) Count Andromalius
The demons are described as being commanded by four kings of the cardinal directions: Amaymon (East), Corson (West), Ziminiar (North), and Gaap (South). A footnote in one variant edition instead lists them as Oriens or Uriens, Paymon or Paymonia, Ariton or Egyn, and Amaymon or Amaimon, alternatively known as Samael, Azazel, Azael, and Mahazael (purportedly their preferred rabbinic names).[10] Agrippa's Occult Philosophy lists the kings of the cardinal directions as Urieus (East), Amaymon (South), Paymon (West), and Egin (North); again providing the alternate names Samuel (i.e. Samael), Azazel, Azael, and Mahazuel. The Magical Calendar lists them as Bael, Moymon, Poymon, and Egin, though Peterson notes that some variant editions instead list '"Asmodel in the East, Amaymon in the South, Paymon in the West, and Aegym in the North"; "Oriens, Paymon, Egyn, and Amaymon"; or "Amodeo [sic] (king of the East), Paymon (king of the West), Egion (king of the North), and Maimon."1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpDMNTTSdo4
Ars Theurgia Goetia1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡX8e49opNQU
The Ars Theurgia Goetia mostly derives from Trithemius's Steganographia, though the seals and order for the spirits are different due to corrupted transmission via manuscript. Rituals not found in Steganographia were added, in some ways conflicting with similar rituals found in the Ars Goetia and Ars Paulina. Most of the spirits summoned are tied to points on a compass, four Emperors tied to the cardinal points (Carnesiel in the East, Amenadiel in the West, Demoriel in the North and Caspiel in the South), sixteen Dukes tied to cardinal points, inter-cardinal points, additional directions between those. There are an additional eleven Wandering Princes, totaling thirty one spirit leaders who each rule several to a few dozen spirits.1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqpRbpnVfcz
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Ars Paulina1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBfjQc3P2AL
Derived from book two of Trithemius's Steganographia and from portions of the Heptameron, but purportedly delivered by Paul the Apostle instead of (as claimed by Trithemius) Raziel. Elements from The Magical Calendar, astrological seals by Robert Turner's 1656 translation of Paracelsus's Archidoxes of Magic, and repeated mentions of guns and the year 1641 indicate that this portion was written in the later half of the seventeenth century. Traditions of Paul communicating with heavenly powers are almost as old as Christianity itself, as seen in some interpretations of 2 Corinthians 12:2-4 and the apocryphal Apocalypse of Paul. The Ars Paulina is in turn divided into two books, the first detailing twenty-four angels aligned with the twenty-four hours of the day, the second (derived more from the Heptameron) detailing the 360 spirits of the degrees of the zodiac.1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2TvfP5By77
Ars Almadel1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAkt1LJlnjQ
Mentioned by Trithemius and Weyer, the latter of whom claimed an Arabic origin for the work. A 15th-century copy is attested to by Robert Turner, and Hebrew copies were discovered in the 20th century. The Ars Almadel instructs the magician on how to create a wax tablet with specific designs intended to contact angels via scrying.1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVRyPGzmzH8
Ars Notoria1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2FXGVLC5Ir
The oldest known portion of the Lemegeton, the Ars Notoria (or Notory Art) was first mentioned by Michael Scot in 1236 (and thus was written earlier). The Ars Notoria contains a series of prayers (related to those in The Sworn Book of Honorius) intended to grant eidetic memory and instantaneous learning to the magician. Some copies and editions of the Lemegeton omit this work entirely; A. E. Waite ignores it completely when describing the Lemegeton. It is also known as the Ars Nova.1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcRQgENpPz9
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It has also been said to be the origin of Pandora's box and where the seven deadly sins were born.
1 Gula (gluttony)1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCMwkt9lyMx
2 Luxuria (lust, fornication)1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcGedwolNET
3 Avaritia (avarice/greed)1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMQp9dKg9I5
4 Superbia (pride, hubris)1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVdCeW5CqES
5 Invidia (Envy)1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡseql8LuIv1
6 Ira (wrath)1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmHfudVRvrl
7 Acedia (sloth)1035Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUwRamfPAxU
If you look any further into it, beware your surrounding... You will uncover, the truth.
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