The Lesser Key of Solomon, also known as Clavicula Salomonis Regis or Lemegeton, is an anonymous grimoire (or spell book) on demonology. It was compiled in the mid-17th century, mostly from materials a couple of centuries older. It is divided into five books—the Ars Goetia, Ars Theurgia-Goetia, Ars Paulina, Ars Almadel, and Ars Notoria.1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYTMdbeVq2P
Ars Goetia1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnsOGGHRU6R
The most obvious source for the Ars Goetia is Johann Weyer's Pseudomonarchia Daemonum in his De praestigiis daemonum. Weyer does not cite, and is unaware of, any other books in the Lemegeton, indicating that the Lemegeton was derived from his work, not the other way around. The order of the spirits was changed between the two, four additional spirits were added to the later work, and one spirit (Pruflas) was omitted. The omission of Pruflas, a mistake that also occurs in an edition of Pseudomonarchia Daemonum cited in Reginald Scot's The Discoverie of Witchcraft, indicates that the Ars Goetia could not have been compiled before 1570. Indeed, it appears that the Ars Goetia is more dependent upon Scot's translation of Weyer than Weyer's work in itself. Additionally, some material was used from Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa's Three Books of Occult Philosophy, the Heptameron by pseudo-Pietro d'Abano, and the Magical Calendar.
Weyer's Officium Spirituum, which is likely related to a 1583 manuscript titled The Office of Spirits, appears to have ultimately been an elaboration on a 15th-century manuscript titled Le Livre des Esperitz (of which 30 of its 47 spirits are nearly identical to spirits in the Ars Goetia).
In a slightly later copy made by Thomas Rudd, this portion was labelled "Liber Malorum Spirituum seu Goetia", and the seals and demons were paired with those of the 72 angels of the Shemhamphorasch, who were intended to protect the conjurer and control the demons he summoned. The angelic names and seals were derived from a manuscript by Blaise de Vigenère, whose papers were also used by Samuel Liddell MacGregor Mathers in his works for the Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn. Rudd may have derived his copy of Liber Malorum Spirituum from a now-lost work by Johannes Trithemius, who taught Agrippa, who in turn taught Weyer.
This portion of the work was later translated by S. L. MacGregor Mathers and published by Aleister Crowley under the title The Book of the Goetia of Solomon the King. Crowley added some additional invocations previously unrelated to the original work, as well as essays describing the rituals as psychological exploration instead of demon summoning.1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYoEovTzN7N
The Seventy-Two Demons
The demons' names (given below) are taken from the Ars Goetia, which differs in terms of number and ranking from the Pseudomonarchia Daemonum of Weyer. As a result of multiple translations, there are multiple spellings for some of the names, which are given in the articles concerning them.
1) King Bael1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEbPnYVXqri
2) Duke Agares1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ73SHXbvuZ7
3) Prince Vassago1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡep0LCrusOH
4) Marquis Samigina1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLPhgAoaaRh
5) President Marbas1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgpTdK3nrAS
6) Duke Valefor1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFRe3zNhKPH
7) Marquis Amon1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLu1fXzBzCw
8) Duke Barbatos1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfJj16tyyB2
9) King Paimon1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFA8hyFnkP3
10) President Buer1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHfb7Y2ptz2
11) Duke Gusion1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYFUIBO5yM3
12) Prince Sitri1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtfZvx2V2NV
13) King Beleth1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxXmqqTZhYC
14) Marquis Leraje1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUfHy9QeIN1
15) Duke Eligos1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ15i4fNMoRj
16) Duke Zepar1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAfaSGjmobT
17) Count/President Botis1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtzh7knZxOt
18) Duke Bathin1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2ERBZ7oUPe
19) Duke Sallos1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ031rN0ATUr
20) King Purson1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1IkCn8jqDL
21) Count/President Marax1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQ2B0RtlNQz
22) Count/Prince Ipos1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡS5615LeblI
23) Duke Aim1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqFZglC4Ig6
24) Marquis Naberius1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIdI5dEhfPo
25) Count/President Glasya-Labolas1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhnAdpfooW2
26) Duke Buné1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡA4rfoeB3rf
27) Marquis/Count Ronové1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡV45JeXq8FB
28) Duke Berith1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVWB5ldK7JD
29) Duke Astaroth1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡauFG0asB85
30) Marquis Forneus1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8ZgRsB5QOO
31) President Foras1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhTu4JD3azy
32) King Asmoday1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3tmmFOlYJ0
33) Prince/President Gäap1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjAfMrnDfia
34) Count Furfur1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡiZKarHHeDR
35) Marquis Marchosias1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwjjNMdRXXw
36) Prince Stolas1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡR805p1Xr2Y
37) Marquis Phenex1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdkPE60INRL
38) Count Halphas1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡm98v5bzGk3
39) President Malphas1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡk8n8sUl89m
40) Count Räum1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5dXQjCttjs
41) Duke Focalor1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEglwZrajYs
42) Duke Vepar1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfJJFCLwnZL
43) Marquis Sabnock1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡotn9gSz7NG
44) Marquis Shax1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpEhKuEIdwA
45) King/Count Viné1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡaTUelsruNc
46) Count Bifrons1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡiVhSquDRDJ
47) Duke Vual1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJDueX0lytc
48) President Haagenti1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8QV7VGEprk
49) Duke Crocell1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJB9APr4M13
50) Knight Furcas1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEoFkgYmqEn
51) King Balam1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAubErNsE3G
52) Duke Alloces1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡq5qpmWRrEH
53) President Caim1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ48YWMDOmKh
54) Duke/Count Murmur1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7UF4N23li8
55) Prince Orobas1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmchVeuCxKy
56) Duke Gremory1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvQk1ITDPfE
57) President Ose1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWrMJriytwX
58) President Amy1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9Awgfyud5e
59) Marquis Orias1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIW94v7WMLF
60) Duke Vapula1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeXvLSvBR5a
61) King/President Zagan1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡs8A8ea0KeV
62) President Valac1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfu2XibHLBx
63) Marquis Andras1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRuRbHg3CX0
64) Duke Flauros1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfXpbOJMUdz
65) Marquis Andrealphus1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwfN7OJd70i
66) Marquis Kimaris1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡe9x2n7qunT
67) Duke Amdusias1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhfEfPpsXqa
68) King Belial1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPgkOfICote
69) Marquis Decarabia1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSKEQxmZfxC
70) Prince Seere1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrQnTcM5MPp
71) Duke Dantalion1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0x3bbfVLuL
72) Count Andromalius
The demons are described as being commanded by four kings of the cardinal directions: Amaymon (East), Corson (West), Ziminiar (North), and Gaap (South). A footnote in one variant edition instead lists them as Oriens or Uriens, Paymon or Paymonia, Ariton or Egyn, and Amaymon or Amaimon, alternatively known as Samael, Azazel, Azael, and Mahazael (purportedly their preferred rabbinic names).[10] Agrippa's Occult Philosophy lists the kings of the cardinal directions as Urieus (East), Amaymon (South), Paymon (West), and Egin (North); again providing the alternate names Samuel (i.e. Samael), Azazel, Azael, and Mahazuel. The Magical Calendar lists them as Bael, Moymon, Poymon, and Egin, though Peterson notes that some variant editions instead list '"Asmodel in the East, Amaymon in the South, Paymon in the West, and Aegym in the North"; "Oriens, Paymon, Egyn, and Amaymon"; or "Amodeo [sic] (king of the East), Paymon (king of the West), Egion (king of the North), and Maimon."1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeue3fqI45W
Ars Theurgia Goetia1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡB4nnmmV28A
The Ars Theurgia Goetia mostly derives from Trithemius's Steganographia, though the seals and order for the spirits are different due to corrupted transmission via manuscript. Rituals not found in Steganographia were added, in some ways conflicting with similar rituals found in the Ars Goetia and Ars Paulina. Most of the spirits summoned are tied to points on a compass, four Emperors tied to the cardinal points (Carnesiel in the East, Amenadiel in the West, Demoriel in the North and Caspiel in the South), sixteen Dukes tied to cardinal points, inter-cardinal points, additional directions between those. There are an additional eleven Wandering Princes, totaling thirty one spirit leaders who each rule several to a few dozen spirits.1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡE8L7PGgEUY
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Ars Paulina1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvvLNJBafNS
Derived from book two of Trithemius's Steganographia and from portions of the Heptameron, but purportedly delivered by Paul the Apostle instead of (as claimed by Trithemius) Raziel. Elements from The Magical Calendar, astrological seals by Robert Turner's 1656 translation of Paracelsus's Archidoxes of Magic, and repeated mentions of guns and the year 1641 indicate that this portion was written in the later half of the seventeenth century. Traditions of Paul communicating with heavenly powers are almost as old as Christianity itself, as seen in some interpretations of 2 Corinthians 12:2-4 and the apocryphal Apocalypse of Paul. The Ars Paulina is in turn divided into two books, the first detailing twenty-four angels aligned with the twenty-four hours of the day, the second (derived more from the Heptameron) detailing the 360 spirits of the degrees of the zodiac.1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ85wrYnxK0O
Ars Almadel1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0VUtNmrmBz
Mentioned by Trithemius and Weyer, the latter of whom claimed an Arabic origin for the work. A 15th-century copy is attested to by Robert Turner, and Hebrew copies were discovered in the 20th century. The Ars Almadel instructs the magician on how to create a wax tablet with specific designs intended to contact angels via scrying.1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsJ8MMh2oAJ
Ars Notoria1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡs7Iieqj8Ih
The oldest known portion of the Lemegeton, the Ars Notoria (or Notory Art) was first mentioned by Michael Scot in 1236 (and thus was written earlier). The Ars Notoria contains a series of prayers (related to those in The Sworn Book of Honorius) intended to grant eidetic memory and instantaneous learning to the magician. Some copies and editions of the Lemegeton omit this work entirely; A. E. Waite ignores it completely when describing the Lemegeton. It is also known as the Ars Nova.1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdvXtK91DZO
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It has also been said to be the origin of Pandora's box and where the seven deadly sins were born.
1 Gula (gluttony)1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdYIpBzwKPi
2 Luxuria (lust, fornication)1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYwpgAFbWlI
3 Avaritia (avarice/greed)1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡp7wNsWgLwi
4 Superbia (pride, hubris)1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgpcEURjKvx
5 Invidia (Envy)1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0XMNe36ZwH
6 Ira (wrath)1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEbzmv5lh2D
7 Acedia (sloth)1041Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIc9qaiZvhc
If you look any further into it, beware your surrounding... You will uncover, the truth.
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